A nurse is caring for a client with borderline personality disorder who is engaging in self-harming behaviors. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize?
Administer a PRN dose of lorazepam.
Place the client in a seclusion room.
Develop a safety contract with the client.
Restrict the client’s access to personal belongings.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Administering lorazepam may reduce anxiety but does not address the underlying emotional dysregulation in borderline personality disorder driving self-harm. Benzodiazepines risk dependence and do not target the impulsivity or affective instability rooted in amygdala hyperactivity, making this less effective than a safety contract.
Choice B reason: Seclusion can escalate distress in borderline personality disorder, as isolation may intensify feelings of abandonment, a core feature. Self-harm stems from emotional dysregulation, and seclusion risks worsening impulsivity or suicidal ideation, making it an inappropriate first-line intervention compared to collaborative safety planning.
Choice C reason: A safety contract engages the client in committing to avoid self-harm, addressing impulsivity and emotional dysregulation in borderline personality disorder. By fostering collaboration and autonomy, it leverages therapeutic alliance to reduce amygdala-driven behaviors, making it the priority intervention for immediate safety and long-term management.
Choice D reason: Restricting personal belongings may prevent access to harmful objects but does not address the psychological drivers of self-harm in borderline personality disorder. It risks alienating the client, increasing distress, and is less effective than a safety contract, which promotes trust and behavioral change.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Reassuring with “everything will be okay” dismisses the client’s distress and offers no therapeutic intervention. Stressors can overwhelm coping mechanisms, and generic reassurance fails to assess or address underlying issues, potentially exacerbating feelings of isolation or invalidation in clients with psychological distress.
Choice B reason: Asking about the support system assesses social resources, which buffer stress by providing emotional and practical assistance. Social support enhances resilience, reducing the psychological impact of stressors. This therapeutic response facilitates tailored interventions, aligning with holistic care principles to address the client’s coping difficulties effectively.
Choice C reason: Recommending a therapist shifts responsibility without assessing the client’s needs or resources. While therapy may be beneficial, immediate exploration of current coping mechanisms and support systems is more appropriate to address acute stress and guide further interventions, making this response less effective.
Choice D reason: Asking “why” can seem judgmental, potentially increasing the client’s stress or defensiveness. It does not facilitate therapeutic exploration of coping strategies or support systems, which are critical for understanding and addressing the client’s difficulties in managing recent stressors effectively.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Weight loss is not a common side effect of risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic. It typically causes weight gain due to histamine and serotonin receptor blockade, increasing appetite. Monitoring for metabolic changes is important, but weight loss is not expected in schizophrenia treatment.
Choice B reason: Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), like tremors or dystonia, are side effects of risperidone due to dopamine D2 receptor blockade in the nigrostriatal pathway. These neurological effects require monitoring, as they can impair motor function and quality of life in schizophrenia treatment, necessitating dose adjustments or adjunctive therapy.
Choice C reason: Hypoglycemia is not associated with risperidone. It may cause hyperglycemia due to metabolic effects on insulin sensitivity. Schizophrenia clients require monitoring for diabetes, not low blood sugar, as risperidone’s receptor profile does not typically disrupt glucose regulation in this manner.
Choice D reason: Increased libido is not a side effect of risperidone. It may decrease libido due to prolactin elevation from dopamine blockade, affecting sexual function. Monitoring for hyperprolactinemia-related effects is relevant, but increased libido is not expected in this treatment context.
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