A nurse is planning care for a school-aged child who has autism spectrum disorder and is nonverbal. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Provide positive reinforcement when the child uses eye contact.
Administer haloperidol to the child as prescribed.
Administer tranquilizing medications if the child becomes frustrated.
Instruct the child's guardian on the use of implosion therapy.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Provide positive reinforcement when the child uses eye contact: Positive reinforcement is an effective strategy for children with autism, especially for improving communication behaviors like eye contact. It encourages social interaction in a non-overwhelming way.
B. Administer haloperidol to the child as prescribed: Haloperidol is an antipsychotic used for certain symptoms in ASD, but its use should be carefully monitored. Medication is not the first line for addressing communication challenges in children with ASD.
C. Administer tranquilizing medications if the child becomes frustrated: Using tranquilizing medications as a first response is inappropriate. Non-pharmacological approaches, like behavior modification, should be prioritized to manage frustration and other symptoms.
D. Instruct the child's guardian on the use of implosion therapy: Implosion therapy, which involves exposing the child to anxiety-provoking situations, is not appropriate for children with ASD. It can increase distress and is not suitable for managing the child's needs.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Minimize time spent gambling each week: While reducing time spent gambling can be helpful, the focus should be on addressing the underlying behaviors and emotions related to the gambling disorder. A more holistic approach is typically more effective.
B. Encourage the client to participate in a self-help group: Self-help groups, such as Gamblers Anonymous, provide valuable support for individuals with gambling disorders. These groups offer shared experiences and coping strategies, making them a crucial part of the treatment plan.
C. Ask the client why they are unable to stop gambling: Asking "why" may feel confrontational or non-supportive. Instead, the nurse should use therapeutic communication to explore the client’s thoughts and feelings in a non-judgmental way.
D. Obtain a prescription for memantine: Memantine is used to treat Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders, not gambling disorder. Medications are not typically the primary treatment for gambling disorder; instead, therapy and behavioral interventions are applied.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Venlafaxine and frequent yawning/weight loss: Frequent yawning and weight loss are not typical signs of an adverse reaction to venlafaxine. These symptoms can occur with various conditions, but they do not necessarily require withholding the medication.
B. Olanzapine and frequent urination: Frequent urination is not a known side effect of olanzapine. However, the nurse should assess the client for other factors contributing to this symptom. It may not be severe enough to require withholding the medication without further evaluation.
C. Fluoxetine and muscle rigidity/tachycardia: Muscle rigidity and tachycardia could indicate serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition. This requires immediate intervention, and the medication should be withheld while notifying the provider for further evaluation and treatment.
D. Nortriptyline and nausea/dry mouth: Nausea and dry mouth are common side effects of tricyclic antidepressants like nortriptyline. These symptoms typically do not require withholding the medication, but the nurse should monitor the client for any worsening or additional adverse effects.
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