A nurse is caring for an infant who had surgical repair of a myelomeningocele with a skin graft. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

A. “Polyuria can be caused by using antidepressants.": Antidepressants are not a direct cause of polyuria. Some medications may have anticholinergic or diuretic side effects that affect urinary patterns, but they are more likely to cause urinary retention or frequency rather than true polyuria, which is defined as excessive urine output exceeding 2,500–3,000 mL per day.

B. "Polyuria can be caused by enlargement of the prostate gland.": Prostate enlargement usually causes urinary retention, hesitancy, or frequency due to obstruction, not polyuria. Polyuria involves increased urine volume from conditions affecting urine production or osmoregulation, rather than obstruction.

C. "Polyuria can be caused by trauma to the lower urinary tract.": Trauma to the lower urinary tract may cause hematuria, dysuria, or retention, but it does not typically increase urine output. Polyuria results from renal or systemic factors that increase urine production, not from physical injury to the bladder or urethra.

D. "Polyuria can be caused by drinking too much fluid.": Excessive fluid intake can lead to polyuria, known as “psychogenic polydipsia” when voluntary. Increased fluid intake raises urine output as the kidneys attempt to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance, making this medically accurate explanation for polyuria.

A. Continues using the fire extinguisher until the alarm is sounded: Fire extinguisher use is independent of the fire alarm. Fire alarms should already be activated to alert others, and continuing to discharge without following proper technique could waste the agent and reduce effectiveness.

B. Squeezes the handle to discharge material onto fire: Proper use of a fire extinguisher requires squeezing the handle to release the extinguishing agent. This demonstrates correct operation, allowing the agent to flow from the nozzle to the base of the fire when aimed properly. It shows understanding of the mechanical function and control of the extinguisher.

C. Aims the extinguishing agent at the top of the flames: Extinguishing agents should be aimed at the base of the fire, where the fuel source is located, rather than at the top of the flames. Aiming at the top wastes the agent and is less effective at stopping combustion.

D. Uses a vertical motion while sweeping with the fire extinguisher: The recommended technique is a side-to-side sweeping motion at the base of the fire. A vertical motion reduces coverage area and may not adequately extinguish the fire, demonstrating incorrect technique.