A nurse is caring for several clients at a homeless shelter who report manifestations of infectious diarrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Refer the clients for financial assistance to receive medications

Arrange for the clients to see a health care provider.

Provide teaching about hand washing for the clients.

Obtain an individual client exposure history.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Refer the clients for financial assistance to receive medications: While financial support is important for accessing treatment, it is not the immediate priority during an active outbreak. The nurse must first assess the scope and potential cause of the diarrhea to prevent further spread and guide appropriate interventions.

B. Arrange for the clients to see a health care provider: Medical evaluation is essential, especially if symptoms worsen or complications arise. However, this step should follow a thorough assessment of exposure to identify patterns, potential sources, and the need for urgent containment or broader screening efforts.

C. Provide teaching about hand washing for the clients: Hand hygiene is critical in preventing the transmission of infectious diarrhea. However, client education should come after identifying the exposure route to ensure teaching is targeted and effective in addressing the specific mode of transmission.

D. Obtain an individual client exposure history: The nurse’s first priority should be to gather detailed information about each client's symptoms, recent meals, travel, and contacts. This assessment helps identify common exposures, guides immediate containment efforts, and directs appropriate medical or public health responses to control a potential outbreak.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Neighbourhood and built environment: The physical environment, including neighbourhood safety, housing conditions, and infrastructure, directly influences a client’s physical safety by affecting exposure to hazards such as crime, pollution, and unsafe housing structures.

B. Access to and quality of health care: While crucial for health outcomes, access to healthcare affects disease management and prevention rather than directly influencing immediate physical safety in the environment.

C. Social and community context: This involves social support, community engagement, and experiences of discrimination, which impact mental and emotional health more than direct physical safety.

D. Access to and quality of education: Education influences health literacy and long-term socioeconomic status but does not directly impact immediate physical safety.

A. The client has a body mass index of 23. B. The client recently started vaping. C. The client includes insoluble fiber foods in their diet. D. The client limits dietary intake of high sugar foods.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The client has a body mass index of 23: A BMI of 23 falls within the normal healthy range (18.5–24.9), which is associated with a lower risk of heart disease compared to overweight or obesity.

B. The client recently started vaping: Vaping introduces nicotine and other harmful chemicals that can increase heart rate, blood pressure, and promote inflammation, all of which elevate the risk for cardiovascular disease. Although often perceived as safer than smoking, vaping still poses significant heart health risks.

C. The client includes insoluble fiber foods in their diet: Insoluble fiber supports digestive health and can indirectly reduce heart disease risk by promoting overall healthy eating habits, but it does not directly increase cardiovascular risk.

D. The client limits dietary intake of high sugar foods: Reducing high sugar intake helps prevent obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, all of which decrease the risk of heart disease, so this behavior is protective rather than a risk factor.

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A nurse is caring for several clients at a homeless shelter who report manifestations of infectious diarrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

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