A nurse is discussing nutrition options with a client who has a new diagnosis of COPD. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"Drink a glass of milk with each meal."

"Plan to include high-protein foods in each of your meals."

"Increase your intake of vegetables such as broccoli and brussels sprouts."

"Consume three large meals throughout the day."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Rationale:

A. "Drink a glass of milk with each meal." While milk can be a good source of calcium and protein, it may increase mucus production, which can be uncomfortable for clients with COPD or increase the work of breathing.

B. "Plan to include high-protein foods in each of your meals. "High-protein foods are essential for clients with COPD, as they help maintain muscle mass, support immune function, and prevent weight loss. These benefits are important for COPD patients, who may experience increased energy expenditure due to labored breathing.

C. "Increase your intake of vegetables such as broccoli and brussels sprouts." While vegetables are important, certain cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and brussels sprouts can cause gas and bloating, which can lead to discomfort for clients with COPD.

D. "Consume three large meals throughout the day." Clients with COPD may have difficulty consuming large meals due to breathlessness or early satiety. It is better to recommend smaller, more frequent meals to ensure adequate caloric intake.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Serum ammonia: In advanced liver disease, the liver's ability to detoxify ammonia is impaired. Ammonia can accumulate in the bloodstream, leading to hepatic encephalopathy, which can cause confusion, lethargy, or even coma. Monitoring serum ammonia levels is essential.

B. Phosphate level: Phosphate levels are not a primary concern in advanced liver disease. Although abnormalities in electrolyte balance can occur, phosphate levels are not directly impacted by liver function in the same way as ammonia or other liver-related markers.

C. Serum troponin: Serum troponin is primarily used to assess for myocardial injury, such as in the case of a heart attack. It is not a relevant marker for liver disease. While cardiac complications can occur in liver disease, troponin levels are not a priority.

D. Glucose level: While glucose metabolism can be affected by liver disease due to impaired glycogen storage and gluconeogenesis, monitoring serum ammonia is more critical in advanced liver disease for assessing hepatic encephalopathy.

A. "I will weigh myself daily." B. "I'm too tired to brush my teeth." C. "I hate how I feel all the time." D. "I need to start eating a low-sodium diet."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:

A. "I will weigh myself daily." Weighing oneself daily is a recommended practice for clients with heart failure to monitor fluid retention. It does not suggest a need for cardiac rehabilitation as it helps with self-management.

B. "I'm too tired to brush my teeth." This statement suggests severe fatigue and reduced physical functioning, indicating the need for cardiac rehabilitation. It can help improve endurance, strength, and overall quality of life.

C. "I hate how I feel all the time." This statement indicates dissatisfaction with the condition, but it does not suggest a specific need for cardiac rehabilitation. It may signal emotional distress or depression, but not necessarily a physical activity issue.

D. "I need to start eating a low-sodium diet." Eating a low-sodium diet is part of heart failure management, it does not indicate the need for cardiac rehabilitation. Diet changes are essential but don't directly relate to physical rehabilitation.

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A nurse is discussing nutrition options with a client who has a new diagnosis of COPD. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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