A nurse is educating a child and family about how to prevent community-acquired infections (CAIs). Which of the following statements by the nurse would be most appropriate to include in the teaching?
"You should wash your hands frequently with soap and water or use alcohol-based hand sanitizer."
"You should avoid sharing personal items such as toothbrushes, towels, or utensils with others."
"You should cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your elbow when you cough or sneeze."
"You should get vaccinated against common infectious diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella, and chickenpox."
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: This statement by the nurse would be appropriate to include in the teaching, as it helps prevent the transmission of microorganisms through hand contact.
Choice B reason: This statement by the nurse would be appropriate to include in the teaching, as it helps prevent the transmission of microorganisms through personal items.
Choice C reason: This statement by the nurse would be appropriate to include in the teaching, as it helps prevent the transmission of microorganisms through respiratory droplets.
Choice D reason: This statement by the nurse would be most appropriate to include in the teaching, as it helps prevent the occurrence and spread of common infectious diseases that can cause serious complications or death. Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to protect oneself and others from CAIs.
Questions on Standard and transmission-based precautions
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is the correct answer, as the infectious agent is the microorganism that causes the infection, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.
Choice B reason: This is not the correct answer, as the reservoir is the second link in the chain of infection. It is the place where the infectious agent lives and grows, such as humans, animals, plants, soil, or water.
Choice C reason: This is not the correct answer, as the portal of exit is the third link in the chain of infection. It is the way that the infectious agent leaves the reservoir, such as through body fluids, skin, mucous membranes, or respiratory tract.
Choice D reason: This is not the correct answer, as the mode of transmission is the fourth link in the chain of infection. It is the way that the infectious agent travels from one host to another, such as through direct or indirect contact, droplet, airborne, vector, or vehicle transmission.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not the correct answer, as gloves and gown are not sufficient PPE to wear when entering the room of a patient who has measles. Gloves protect the nurse's hands from exposure to blood or body fluids, and gown protects the nurse's clothing and skin from contamination by blood or body fluids, but they do not protect the nurse's respiratory tract from exposure to airborne droplets that contain the measles virus.
Choice B reason: This is not the correct answer, as gloves and mask are not sufficient PPE to wear when entering the room of a patient who has measles. Gloves protect the nurse's hands from exposure to blood or body fluids, and mask protects the nurse's mouth and nose from exposure to large droplets that are generated by coughing, sneezing, or talking, but they do not protect the nurse's respiratory tract from exposure to small droplets that remain in the air for long periods of time and can be inhaled by others.
Choice C reason: This is not the correct answer, as gloves and eye protection are not sufficient PPE to wear when entering the room of a patient who has measles. Gloves protect the nurse's hands from exposure to blood or body fluids, and eye protection protects the nurse's eyes from exposure to splashes or sprays of blood or body fluids, but they do not protect the nurse's respiratory tract from exposure to airborne droplets that contain the measles virus.
Choice D reason: This is the correct answer, as gloves and respirator are the appropriate PPE to wear when entering the room of a patient who has measles. Gloves protect the nurse's hands from exposure to blood or body fluids, and respirator protects the nurse's respiratory tract from exposure to airborne droplets that contain the measles virus. A respirator is a device that filters out at least 95% of airborne particles and fits tightly around the face.
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