A nurse is instructing a client newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) about the use of antitubercular medications.
What information should the nurse include in the teaching?
The client’s family will also need to take medications to prevent infection.
A typical course of treatment involves 6 to 9 months of consistent medication use.
Medications will need to be taken for the rest of the client’s life, even if the client feels better.
Medications will need to be taken until the Mantoux test is negative.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
While it’s important for the client’s family to be aware of the disease and take precautions, they do not necessarily need to take medications to prevent infection. Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease, but it typically requires close and prolonged contact to spread. Family members should be tested for TB, and if they test positive, then treatment would be necessary.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer. A typical course of treatment for TB involves 6 to 9 months of consistent medication use. This is because TB bacteria die very slowly, and medications need to be taken for several months to ensure that all the bacteria are killed. If treatment is stopped too soon, some bacteria may survive and become resistant to the drugs.
Choice C rationale:
It’s not accurate to say that medications will need to be taken for the rest of the client’s life. While TB treatment is lengthy, it does not continue indefinitely. Once the full course of treatment is completed and the disease is cured, further medication is not typically necessary.
Choice D rationale:
The Mantoux test, also known as the tuberculin skin test, is used to determine whether a person has TB infection. However, the test can remain positive for a long time, even after successful treatment. Therefore, medications should not be taken until the Mantoux test is negative. Instead, the duration of treatment is determined by the healthcare provider based on various factors, including the patient’s response to the medication.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Constipation is not typically associated with hyperthyroidism. In fact, one of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism is increased bowel movement. This is due to the increased metabolic rate caused by the overproduction of hormones from the thyroid gland.
Choice B rationale:
Weight gain is not a common symptom of hyperthyroidism. On the contrary, weight loss is one of the symptoms of this condition. This is because hyperthyroidism speeds up the body’s metabolism, causing increased calorie burning and significant weight loss. Choice C rationale:
Sensitivity to cold is not a symptom of hyperthyroidism. Instead, individuals with hyperthyroidism often have an increased sensitivity to heat. This is due to the increased metabolic rate which can cause excessive sweating and hot flashes.
Choice D rationale:
Frequent mood changes are a common symptom of hyperthyroidism. The overproduction of hormones by the thyroid gland can lead to symptoms such as irritability and restlessness. Additionally, other symptoms such as difficulty sleeping can also contribute to mood changes.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This choice is incorrect. While it’s true that antiviral drugs can be effective in treating the flu, they’re most effective when started within 48 hours of symptom onset. Starting treatment after 4 days may not provide the same benefits.
Choice B rationale:
This choice is incorrect. While a blood test can confirm the presence of the flu virus, it’s not typically necessary to diagnose the flu. Diagnosis is usually based on symptoms and the fact that the flu is widespread in the community.
Choice C rationale:
This choice is correct. Antiviral drugs are most effective when started within 2 days of symptom onset. After this time, the benefits of these drugs decrease. Therefore, starting treatment 4 days after symptoms begin may not significantly reduce the duration or severity of symptoms.
Choice D rationale:
This choice is incorrect. While it’s true that getting a flu vaccine is important, it’s not the best response in this situation. The flu vaccine won’t treat current illness. It’s designed to prevent future infections. In this case, the individual is already sick, so a booster vaccination wouldn’t be the most effective course of action.
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