A nurse is preparing to administer a medication and notices it is past its expiration date. What is the appropriate action?

Discard the medication and obtain a new one from the pharmacy.

Administer the medication if the client has taken it before without issues.

Check with another nurse if it's okay to administer

Continue with administration and notify the healthcare provider later.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Discard the medication and obtain a new one from the pharmacy: Medications past their expiration date may have reduced potency or unknown chemical changes, making them unsafe or ineffective. The correct and safe practice is to discard expired medication and obtain a current supply.

B. Administer the medication if the client has taken it before without issues: Previous tolerance does not guarantee safety or effectiveness of an expired medication. Administration could result in subtherapeutic effects or adverse reactions.

C. Check with another nurse if it's okay to administer: While collaboration is important, the ultimate responsibility is patient safety. Expired medications should not be administered under any circumstances, regardless of peer approval.

D. Continue with administration and notify the healthcare provider later: Administering an expired medication compromises patient safety. The healthcare provider should be informed before administration if an alternative is needed, not afterward.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Clopidogrel:Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication used to prevent thrombotic events, such as stroke or myocardial infarction. It does not lower LDL cholesterol or triglycerides and is not a first-line treatment for hyperlipidemia.

B. Simvastatin:Simvastatin is a statin that inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, reducing cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Statins are first-line therapy for patients with elevated LDL and triglycerides because they effectively lower LDL levels, modestly reduce triglycerides, and reduce cardiovascular risk.

C. Lisinopril:Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor used to manage hypertension and heart failure. It does not significantly affect lipid levels and is not indicated as a primary treatment for hyperlipidemia.

D. Hydrochlorothiazide:Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic used to treat hypertension and edema. It does not have a direct effect on LDL or triglyceride levels and is not used to manage hyperlipidemia.

A. Slows down gastric emptying to concentrate glucose in the bloodstream B. Releases glycogen from the liver and muscles to be converted into glucose in the bloodstream. C. Converts fats into triglycerides for ready conversion into glucose in the bloodstream. D. Releases glucose from the small intestine into the bloodstream

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Slows down gastric emptying to concentrate glucose in the bloodstream:Glucagon does not act on the gastrointestinal tract to delay gastric emptying. Slowing gastric emptying is a mechanism associated with certain antidiabetic drugs like GLP-1 agonists, not glucagon.

B. Releases glycogen from the liver and muscles to be converted into glucose in the bloodstream:Glucagon stimulates glycogenolysis in the liver, breaking down stored glycogen into glucose, which is released into the bloodstream. This rapid increase in blood glucose makes it effective for treating severe hypoglycemia in unconscious patients.

C. Converts fats into triglycerides for ready conversion into glucose in the bloodstream:Glucagon does not convert fats into triglycerides. While glucagon can promote lipolysis, its primary pharmacologic action in hypoglycemia is glycogenolysis, not fat metabolism.

D. Releases glucose from the small intestine into the bloodstream:The small intestine absorbs dietary glucose but does not store it for rapid release. Glucagon’s effect is on liver glycogen stores, not intestinal glucose reserves.

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A nurse is preparing to administer a medication and notices it is past its expiration date. What is the appropriate action?

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