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A nurse is preparing to administer medications to an alert and oriented client. Which action(s) by the nurse will help to prevent a medication error? Select all that apply.

A Provide education to the client before administration.

Avoid taking phone calls during medication preparation.

Turn off the television or radio to reduce noise.

Prepare medications for multiple clients at the same time.

Ask the client if they have any allergies.

Verify the medication calculations are correct.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E,F

Rationale:

A. Providing education to the client before administration helps prevent medication errors. Educated clients can participate in their care, question unfamiliar medications, and alert the nurse if something seems incorrect. Client engagement adds an additional safety check.

B. Avoiding phone calls during medication preparation is correct. Interruptions are a major cause of medication errors. Limiting distractions during preparation improves focus and reduces the risk of incorrect dosing or selection.

C. Turning off the television or radio to reduce noise is appropriate. A quiet environment decreases distractions and improves concentration during medication preparation and administration, promoting safe practice.

D. Preparing medications for multiple clients at the same time is unsafe and increases the risk of mixing up medications. Medications should be prepared for one client at a time to reduce the risk of error.

E. Asking the client if they have any allergies is essential. Verifying allergies before administration prevents adverse drug reactions and is a critical safety step.

F. Verifying medication calculations are correct helps prevent dosage errors. Double-checking calculations ensures the correct amount of medication is administered, especially for high-alert medications.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E","F"]

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Pregnancy is a common cause of constipation due to both hormonal and mechanical factors. Increased levels of progesterone during pregnancy relax smooth muscles, including those of the gastrointestinal tract, which slows intestinal motility. Additionally, the enlarging uterus exerts pressure on the intestines, reducing the space for normal bowel movement and contributing to slower transit of stool. These combined effects make constipation a frequent concern for pregnant clients.

B. Foodborne pathogens are not a typical cause of constipation. Infections from contaminated food usually result in diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and other gastrointestinal disturbances rather than slowed bowel movements. Therefore, this option does not contribute to constipation.

C. Stress can negatively affect bowel habits. Stress triggers the release of hormones such as cortisol and catecholamines, which can disrupt normal gut motility. In some individuals, stress slows peristalsis, leading to delayed passage of stool and constipation. Psychological factors and emotional tension can thus play a significant role in chronic or intermittent constipation.

D. Active lifestyle generally protects against constipation. Regular physical activity stimulates intestinal contractions and promotes normal bowel motility. Sedentary behavior, rather than activity, is associated with increased risk of constipation, so an active lifestyle is actually preventive.

E. Low fiber diet is a well-recognized contributor to constipation. Dietary fiber adds bulk and water to stool, helping it move smoothly through the intestines. Diets low in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes reduce stool bulk and slow bowel transit time, making stools harder and more difficult to pass.

F. Low fluid intake exacerbates constipation because adequate hydration keeps stool soft and easier to pass. Dehydration or insufficient fluid consumption leads to drier, firmer stools that can cause straining and incomplete evacuation. Adequate water intake is therefore essential for maintaining regular bowel function.

A. Endotracheal stabilization device B. Sterile tracheostomy care kit C. Sterile normal saline D. Sterile and clean gloves E. Disposable inner cannula if client has one

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Rationale:
A. An endotracheal stabilization device is specifically designed to secure an endotracheal tube, which is inserted through the mouth or nose into the trachea. It is not required for routine tracheostomy care because a tracheostomy tube is already secured via the neck plate and ties, making this equipment unnecessary.

B. A sterile tracheostomy care kit is essential for performing safe tracheostomy care. The kit contains all necessary sterile supplies, such as sterile gloves, suction catheters, sterile dressings, cotton-tipped applicators, and cleaning solutions. Using a sterile kit helps maintain aseptic technique, reduces the risk of infection, and ensures that the procedure is performed safely and efficiently.

C. Sterile normal saline is required to moisten dressings and clean the tracheostomy site. It is used to gently remove secretions, mucus, or crusting around the stoma and tube. Using sterile saline prevents the introduction of pathogens into the airway and protects the delicate mucosal tissue from irritation or infection.

D. Sterile and clean gloves are critical for infection prevention. Sterile gloves are used when handling the tracheostomy tube, inner cannula, or the stoma itself to prevent contamination. Clean gloves are used when handling non-sterile items, such as adjusting the ties or touching the patient’s skin away from the stoma. Proper glove use maintains aseptic technique and minimizes the risk of infection.

E. A disposable inner cannula, if the client has one, is necessary for removal, cleaning, or replacement. The inner cannula can accumulate mucus and secretions, which can obstruct airflow if not cleaned or replaced regularly. Using a disposable inner cannula allows for safe and efficient maintenance of airway patency.

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A nurse is preparing to administer medications to an alert and oriented client. Which action(s) by the nurse will help to prevent a medication error? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What are common cause(s) of constipation? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E","F"]

Explanation

Which equipment is necessary to perform tracheostomy care on a client? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Which identifier(s) may be used in diverse healthcare settings? Select all that apply.

A nurse just received hand-off report on a group of clients. Which action should the nurse take first?

A nurse verifies medication orders for a client who has just been transferred from another unit. Which action should the nurse take to ensure the medication orders are accurate?

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A nurse just received hand-off report on a group of clients. Which action should the nurse take first?

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