A nurse is preparing to obtain a guaiac smear sample from a client for fecal occult blood testing. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Wear sterile gloves when collecting the sample.

Discard samples that contain urine.

Collect three samples from a single bowel movement.

Take the sample from the outer edge of formed stool.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: While wearing gloves is a standard precaution to prevent contamination and protect the nurse from potential pathogens, the gloves used for collecting a guaiac smear sample do not need to be sterile. Clean, non-sterile gloves are typically sufficient for this procedure.

Choice B reason: It is crucial to discard any samples that contain urine because urine can interfere with the results of the fecal occult blood test (FOBT). The presence of urine can cause false positives due to the peroxidase activity in urine, which can lead to unnecessary further testing.

Choice C reason: Collecting three samples from a single bowel movement is not recommended. Instead, it is advised to collect samples from three separate bowel movements to increase the likelihood of detecting intermittent bleeding, which is common in conditions like colorectal cancer.

Choice D reason: Taking the sample from the outer edge of formed stool is not the best practice. The sample should be taken from different areas of the stool to ensure a representative sample, as blood may not be uniformly distributed throughout the stool.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason : Desmopressin is a medication used to treat conditions like diabetes insipidus and certain cases of hemophilia, not allergic reactions such as hives and urticaria.

Choice B reason: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that is commonly used to treat allergic reactions, including hives and urticaria. It works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms.

Choice C reason: Spironolactone is a diuretic and is not used to treat allergic reactions. It is typically prescribed for conditions like heart failure, hypertension, and certain hormonal disorders.

Choice D reason: Metoclopramide is a medication used to treat nausea and gastroparesis, not allergic reactions.

A. Constipation B. Decreased tear production C. Mouth ulcers D. Peripheral neuropathy

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Constipation can be a side effect of many cancer treatments, including radiation therapy. However, it is not commonly associated with targeted radiation therapy to the neck. Constipation is more often related to opioid pain medications, decreased physical activity, or dietary changes that a patient may experience during cancer treatment.

Choice B reason: Decreased tear production is not a typical side effect of targeted radiation therapy to the neck. This condition, known as dry eye syndrome, is more commonly associated with radiation therapy that affects the eye or orbital area directly.

Choice C reason: Mouth ulcers, also known as mucositis, are a common adverse effect of radiation therapy to the neck. Radiation can damage the mucosal lining of the mouth, leading to painful sores that can affect a patient's ability to eat, speak, and swallow. These ulcers typically develop one to two weeks after starting treatment and may persist for some time after the treatment ends.

Choice D reason: Peripheral neuropathy, which involves damage to the peripheral nerves and often results in symptoms like numbness, tingling, or pain in the hands and feet, is not a common side effect of radiation therapy to the neck. It is more frequently associated with certain chemotherapeutic agents or radiation therapy to areas of the body where peripheral nerves are located.

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A nurse is preparing to obtain a guaiac smear sample from a client for fecal occult blood testing. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

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