A nurse is providing discharge education to a client newly prescribed lisinopril. Which instruction should be included by the nurse?
"Increase your fiber and fluid intake to prevent constipation."
"Call 911 if you experience facial swelling or difficulty breathing."
"Eat foods high in potassium or take a potassium supplement.
"A dry cough is normal and the medication should be continued."
The Correct Answer is B
A. Increase your fiber and fluid intake to prevent constipation: Lisinopril is not associated with constipation as a common adverse effect. Teaching focused on bowel regulation is more appropriate for medications that reduce gastrointestinal motility, such as opioids, rather than ACE inhibitors.
B. Call 911 if you experience facial swelling or difficulty breathing: Facial swelling and difficulty breathing are hallmark signs of angioedema, a rare but life-threatening adverse effect of lisinopril. Immediate emergency care is required because airway obstruction can develop rapidly and become fatal without prompt intervention.
C. Eat foods high in potassium or take a potassium supplement: Lisinopril decreases aldosterone secretion, leading to potassium retention. Encouraging high-potassium intake or supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia, which can result in dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias.
D. A dry cough is normal and the medication should be continued: A persistent dry cough is a known side effect of lisinopril, but it should be reported to the healthcare provider. The medication may need to be changed if the cough is bothersome or persistent, rather than automatically continued.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "This medication is safe to take with my diagnosis of hypertension.": Ipratropium is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that does not significantly affect blood pressure. Clients with hypertension can safely use it to manage bronchospasm without increasing cardiovascular risk, reflecting correct understanding of the medication.
B. "I will take this medication during an acute asthma attack.": Ipratropium is not a first-line agent for acute asthma attacks. Short-acting beta-agonists like albuterol are preferred for rapid relief, as ipratropium has a slower onset and is more effective as maintenance therapy.
C. "If dry mouth occurs, I should stop taking this medication.": Dry mouth is a common, mild side effect of ipratropium and does not require discontinuation. Supportive measures like sipping fluids or using sugarless candy are appropriate rather than stopping therapy abruptly.
D. "A common side effect of this medication is urinary frequency.": Urinary retention, not frequency, is a potential side effect of anticholinergic medications. Increased urination is not typical, so this statement reflects a misunderstanding.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Acute heart failure: Milrinone is a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor that increases cardiac contractility and promotes vasodilation. It is indicated for short-term management of acute decompensated heart failure, especially when conventional therapies are insufficient.
B. Atrial fibrillation: Milrinone does not have a primary role in managing atrial fibrillation. Antiarrhythmic medications, rate control agents, or anticoagulants are preferred for this condition.
C. Chronic stable angina: Milrinone is not indicated for chronic stable angina. Antianginal therapies such as nitrates, beta-blockers, or calcium channel blockers are more appropriate for symptom management in this condition.
D. Chronic hypertension: Milrinone is not used for chronic hypertension management. Its potent inotropic and vasodilatory effects are designed for acute cardiac support rather than long-term blood pressure control.
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