A nurse is providing discharge education to a client newly prescribed lisinopril. Which instruction should be included by the nurse?
"Increase your fiber and fluid intake to prevent constipation."
"Call 911 if you experience facial swelling or difficulty breathing."
"Eat foods high in potassium or take a potassium supplement.
"A dry cough is normal and the medication should be continued."
The Correct Answer is B
A. Increase your fiber and fluid intake to prevent constipation: Lisinopril is not associated with constipation as a common adverse effect. Teaching focused on bowel regulation is more appropriate for medications that reduce gastrointestinal motility, such as opioids, rather than ACE inhibitors.
B. Call 911 if you experience facial swelling or difficulty breathing: Facial swelling and difficulty breathing are hallmark signs of angioedema, a rare but life-threatening adverse effect of lisinopril. Immediate emergency care is required because airway obstruction can develop rapidly and become fatal without prompt intervention.
C. Eat foods high in potassium or take a potassium supplement: Lisinopril decreases aldosterone secretion, leading to potassium retention. Encouraging high-potassium intake or supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia, which can result in dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias.
D. A dry cough is normal and the medication should be continued: A persistent dry cough is a known side effect of lisinopril, but it should be reported to the healthcare provider. The medication may need to be changed if the cough is bothersome or persistent, rather than automatically continued.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Seizure: Seizures are not a common manifestation of hydralazine toxicity. While severe hypotension could contribute to CNS symptoms, seizures are not a typical or expected clinical finding with this medication.
B. Hypertension: Hydralazine is a direct vasodilator used to lower blood pressure. Hypertension is not associated with hydralazine toxicity; instead, excessive hypotension may occur if the drug effect is too strong.
C. Tachycardia: Tachycardia is a common clinical finding associated with hydralazine toxicity. The vasodilation caused by hydralazine can lead to reflex sympathetic stimulation, resulting in an increased heart rate as the body attempts to maintain cardiac output and blood pressure.
D. Constipation: Constipation is not related to hydralazine use or toxicity. This adverse effect is not expected and does not indicate toxicity from the medication.
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"A"}}
Explanation
Blood pressures be monitored regularly at home: Monitoring blood pressure at home helps the client track the effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy and detect trends that may require dose adjustments. It promotes early recognition of uncontrolled hypertension and allows timely communication with the healthcare provider.
• A low-sodium diet is recommended: Excess sodium intake contributes to fluid retention and increased blood pressure. Educating the client about reducing sodium supports medication efficacy and helps manage hypertension. Dietary modifications complement pharmacologic therapy to improve cardiovascular outcomes.
• Do not stop taking the medication abruptly: Abrupt discontinuation of antihypertensive medications can lead to rebound hypertension, which may cause stroke, myocardial infarction, or other cardiovascular complications. Clients should be educated to taper medications only under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
• Engage in regular exercise: Regular physical activity helps lower blood pressure by improving cardiovascular efficiency, reducing weight, and promoting vascular health. Exercise is an essential nonpharmacologic strategy that complements antihypertensive therapy and supports long-term blood pressure control.
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