A nurse is providing information to a client about smoking cessation.
Which of the following medications should the nurse include?

Choice A rationale

Light therapy can be an effective treatment for certain conditions, like seasonal affective disorder, but it typically does not require informed consent unless it's experimental or has significant risks.

Choice B rationale

Experimental medications require informed consent due to the potential unknown effects and risks. Ensuring the client is fully informed about the experimental nature and possible side effects is crucial.

Choice C rationale

Participating in a group exercise program generally does not require informed consent. These activities are typically part of routine care and considered low risk.

Choice D rationale

Attending a cognitive behavioral therapy class usually does not require informed consent beyond the initial agreement to participate in therapy. These sessions are standard parts of mental health care.

Choice A rationale: Maintaining a low stimulation environment helps reduce agitation and confusion in clients with delirium. Minimizing noise, light, and activity can create a calming atmosphere, which is essential for clients experiencing sensory overload and cognitive disturbances.

Choice B rationale: Alternating nursing staff daily can disrupt continuity of care, which may increase the client's confusion and anxiety. Familiarity with consistent caregivers helps provide a stable environment, promoting better management of delirium symptoms.

Choice C rationale: Providing the client with limited information about their diagnosis is not helpful. It is important to keep the client informed to the extent they can understand, which helps in reorienting them and reducing confusion about their situation.

Choice D rationale: Approaching the client slowly is crucial in managing agitation and confusion. A calm and non-threatening approach helps in gaining the client's trust, making them feel more secure and reducing the likelihood of aggressive behavior.

Choice E rationale: Reorienting the client to person, place, and time frequently is vital in managing delirium. Regular reorientation helps the client regain a sense of reality and reduces confusion. This intervention is key to improving cognitive function and managing disorientation.