A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the client to help prevent the development of nephropathy?
Controlling hypertension
Limiting protein intake
Voiding every 2 hr
Decreasing potassium intake
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Controlling hypertension: Controlling hypertension is a key strategy in preventing diabetic nephropathy. High blood pressure can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys, leading to nephropathy. Strict blood pressure control is crucial for kidney protection in clients with diabetes.
B. Limiting protein intake: Limiting protein intake may be beneficial for individuals with advanced kidney disease, but it is not a primary prevention strategy for nephropathy in clients with diabetes. Early prevention focuses more on blood sugar and blood pressure control.
C. Voiding every 2 hr: Frequent urination or maintaining a specific voiding schedule is not a primary method for preventing nephropathy. The focus should be on managing blood glucose and blood pressure to prevent kidney damage over time.
D. Decreasing potassium intake: Decreasing potassium intake is generally not a necessary measure for preventing nephropathy unless kidney function is impaired.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Photosensitivity: Photosensitivity is a known side effect of some antibiotics, particularly tetracyclines, but it is not commonly associated with cefaclor. The nurse should monitor for other more likely adverse effects of cefaclor.
B. Blurred vision: Blurred vision is not a typical side effect of cefaclor. Although some antibiotics may cause visual disturbances, this is not commonly seen with cefaclor, and there is no evidence linking cefaclor to blurred vision.
C. Diarrhea: Diarrhea is a common side effect of cefaclor, as it can disrupt the normal balance of gut bacteria. Antibiotics like cefaclor can cause gastrointestinal disturbances, including diarrhea, due to the killing of both harmful and beneficial bacteria in the intestines.
D. Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia is not a typical side effect of cefaclor. Although some medications can lower blood sugar, cefaclor is not generally associated with causing hypoglycemia, making this less relevant for monitoring in a client receiving cefaclor.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "Make sure family members wear masks whenever they are in the same room as you."
Masks are mainly recommended for the client with tuberculosis, not family members unless they are at high risk. The focus should be on good hygiene and cough etiquette.
B. "Return to work after two consecutive sputum cultures are negative." While negative sputum cultures are important, returning to work depends on completing the full treatment regimen and clinical improvement. Full treatment is essential for transmission control.
C. "Before coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with a tissue." This is the correct advice to prevent the spread of tuberculosis. Covering the mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing helps contain respiratory droplets and protect others.
D. "Wear a high-filtration mask at home when family members are nearby." Wearing a high-filtration mask is generally necessary for healthcare settings. At home, focus should be on cough etiquette, good ventilation, and completing prescribed treatment.
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