A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled for electroconvulsive therapy. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
"You might experience confusion when first waking up after the procedure."
"You will be given a dose of lorazepam an hour before the procedure."
"This treatment works by stimulating the vagus nerve."
"A special magnet will be placed on your scalp during the procedure."
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Confusion upon waking is a common and expected side effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Clients often experience transient disorientation, memory impairment, or headache immediately after the procedure. This occurs because ECT induces a controlled seizure, which temporarily alters brain activity. Nurses must prepare clients for these short-term cognitive effects and reassure them that confusion typically resolves within hours.
Choice B reason: Lorazepam is not administered before ECT because benzodiazepines can raise the seizure threshold and interfere with the therapeutic effect. Instead, clients are given a short-acting anesthetic and a muscle relaxant (commonly methohexital and succinylcholine) to induce unconsciousness and prevent musculoskeletal injury during the seizure. Therefore, this statement is inaccurate.
Choice C reason: ECT does not work by stimulating the vagus nerve. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a separate treatment modality used for refractory depression and epilepsy. ECT works by inducing a generalized seizure through controlled electrical currents applied to the brain, which alters neurotransmitter activity and improves mood regulation.
Choice D reason: A magnet placed on the scalp is associated with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), not ECT. TMS uses magnetic fields to stimulate specific brain regions without inducing seizures. ECT, in contrast, uses direct electrical currents to trigger a therapeutic seizure. Confusing these modalities can mislead clients, so nurses must clarify the distinction.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Informing the client of available community resources is important for long-term support, but it is not the immediate priority. Before resources can be effectively utilized, the nurse must assess the client’s understanding of their diagnosis and situation. Without this foundation, resource planning may not align with the client’s needs.
Choice B reason: Assisting with child care options is a supportive intervention, but it is not the priority during the initial assessment. Child care planning comes after understanding the client’s perception of their illness and establishing care goals.
Choice C reason: Agreeing upon short-term goals is valuable for care planning, but it requires that the nurse first assess the client’s knowledge and understanding of their diagnosis. Without this, goals may not be realistic or meaningful to the client.
Choice D reason: Asking the client about their understanding of the diagnosis is the priority because it establishes a baseline for communication and care planning. It ensures that the nurse can provide education, clarify misconceptions, and tailor interventions appropriately. This step is essential before moving forward with resources or goal setting, making it the correct answer.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Depression is not an adverse effect of levothyroxine. In fact, untreated hypothyroidism can cause depressive symptoms, which typically improve with appropriate thyroid hormone replacement.
Choice B reason: Weight loss is the correct answer because levothyroxine increases metabolic rate. Excessive dosing or sensitivity to the medication can lead to hyperthyroid-like symptoms, including weight loss, tachycardia, anxiety, and heat intolerance.
Choice C reason: Cold intolerance is a symptom of hypothyroidism, not an adverse effect of levothyroxine. Proper dosing should alleviate cold intolerance rather than cause it.
Choice D reason: Constipation is also a symptom of hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine therapy generally improves bowel motility. Constipation is not considered an adverse effect of the medication.
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