A nurse is reinforcing teaching about infection control with the guardian of a school-age child who has varicella. The nurse should inform the guardian that which of the following findings is an indication that the child is no longer contagious?

Itching has subsided.

All vesicles have crusted over.

Temperature is less than 37.8° C (100° F).

The antibiotics regimen is complete.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Itching has subsided: While reduced pruritus indicates healing and comfort improvement, it does not correlate with viral shedding or contagiousness. Children with varicella can still transmit the virus until all lesions are fully crusted, regardless of the presence or absence of itching.

B. All vesicles have crusted over: Varicella (chickenpox) is contagious from 1–2 days before the rash appears until all lesions have formed crusts. Crusting of vesicles indicates that viral shedding has ended, and the child is no longer infectious. This is the primary clinical indicator used to determine when isolation precautions can safely be discontinued.

C. Temperature is less than 37.8° C (100° F): Fever reduction signals improvement in systemic infection and overall health but does not reflect cessation of viral shedding. Children may remain contagious despite a normal temperature until the lesions crust over.

D. The antibiotics regimen is complete: Antibiotics are not effective against varicella, a viral infection, and completing an antibiotic course does not influence contagiousness. Transmission risk is determined by lesion status, not antibiotic therapy.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hgb 12 g/dL: Hemoglobin at 12 g/dL is within the expected range for a healthy pregnant client in the third trimester. Normal pregnancy ranges typically decrease slightly due to hemodilution, and this value does not indicate a need for provider notification.

B. Platelet count 90,000/mm³: A platelet count below 100,000/mm³ (thrombocytopenia) is concerning during pregnancy and may indicate gestational thrombocytopenia, preeclampsia, or other hematologic disorders. This finding requires prompt provider notification for evaluation and potential intervention.

C. Hematocrit 37%: Hematocrit of 37% falls within normal limits for a pregnant client and does not indicate anemia or other abnormal findings. Routine monitoring is sufficient.

D. Creatinine 0.7 mg/dL: Creatinine is within the expected range for pregnancy, which is typically slightly lower than in nonpregnant adults due to increased renal clearance. This result does not warrant urgent provider notification.

A. "I should have my doctor replace the battery in the pacemaker in a year." B. "I need to record my pulse rate daily." C. "I should avoid taking tub baths." D. "I will remove my microwave oven from my home."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "I should have my doctor replace the battery in the pacemaker in a year.": Pacemaker batteries are designed to last several years, typically 5 to 15 years depending on device type and usage. Routine replacement within a year is unnecessary, and frequent interventions would increase procedural risks. Battery status is monitored during scheduled device interrogations.

B. "I need to record my pulse rate daily.": Regular monitoring of pulse rate helps the client detect irregularities or device malfunction. Recording daily heart rate allows for early identification of bradycardia, tachycardia, or missed pacing events, which can be reported promptly to the healthcare provider. This practice promotes ongoing self-management and safety.

C. "I should avoid taking tub baths.": Clients with pacemakers can safely bathe or shower once the insertion site has healed, as the device is completely implanted. There is no need to avoid tub baths indefinitely unless specifically instructed due to wound healing concerns. General restriction is not necessary for daily hygiene.

D. "I will remove my microwave oven from my home.": Modern pacemakers are shielded against interference from common household appliances, including microwave ovens. It is unnecessary to remove microwaves, as these devices do not pose a risk of pacemaker malfunction when used appropriately.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching about infection control with the guardian of a school-age child who has varicella. The nurse should inform the guardian that which of the following findings is an indication that the child is no longer contagious?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is B

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Correct Answer is B

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