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A nurse is reviewing a client's ECG rhythm strip. Which of the following components should the nurse use to measure impulse conduction from the sinus node through the atrioventricular node?

A.

ST segment

B.

QRS complex

C.

PR interval

D.

PP interval

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. ST segment: The ST segment represents the period between the end of ventricular depolarization and the beginning of ventricular repolarization. It does not reflect impulse conduction from the sinus node to the atrioventricular (AV) node.
B. QRS complex: The QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization and does not reflect impulse conduction through the atria or the AV node. It mainly reflects the electrical activity of the ventricles.
C. PR interval: The PR interval measures the time it takes for the electrical impulse to travel from the sinus node through the atria and AV node before reaching the ventricles. It is the most appropriate component for evaluating impulse conduction from the sinus node through the AV node.
D. PP interval: The PP interval measures the time between successive P waves, which corresponds to the time between atrial depolarizations. It does not specifically reflect conduction through the AV node.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Increased urine output: In disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), there is typically decreased urine output due to renal failure or microvascular clotting, not increased output.

B. Petechiae: Petechiae are small red or purple spots on the skin caused by bleeding under the skin. This is a common finding in DIC due to widespread clotting and subsequent bleeding, resulting in tiny hemorrhages.

C. Decreased respirations: Respiratory rate may actually increase in DIC due to hypoxia, sepsis, or pulmonary embolism rather than decrease. Respiratory complications are common in DIC.

D. Bradycardia: Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not a typical finding in DIC. Instead, tachycardia (increased heart rate) is often observed as a compensatory response to hypovolemia or shock associated with DIC.

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A,B,C"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"A,B,C"}}

Explanation

  • Fatigue: Fatigue is a universal symptom in all three conditions due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. This results from low hemoglobin levels or dysfunctional red blood cells, leading to tissue hypoxia and generalized weakness.
  • Ferritin level: Ferritin reflects stored iron. A low ferritin level is a hallmark of iron deficiency anemia, indicating depleted iron stores. Sickle cell disease and pernicious anemia do not typically cause low ferritin unless there is coexisting iron deficiency from blood loss or poor intake.
  • Vitamin B12 level: A low vitamin B12 level directly supports a diagnosis of pernicious anemia, which results from impaired B12 absorption due to lack of intrinsic factor. This finding is not characteristic of iron deficiency anemia or sickle cell disease.
  • Orthostatic hypotension: This may occur in all three conditions due to decreased blood volume or impaired oxygenation. In iron deficiency and pernicious anemia, low hemoglobin reduces circulating oxygen, while in sickle cell disease, dehydration and anemia can contribute to drops in blood pressure when changing positions.

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