A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for codeine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

You should limit alcohol intake to 12 ounces daily.

You should expect to experience diarrhea while taking this medication.

You should take the medication on an empty stomach to prevent nausea.

You should change positions slowly.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: You should avoid alcohol intake while taking codeine, not limit it to 12 ounces daily. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, and respiratory depression.

Choice B reason: You should not expect to experience diarrhea while taking codeine. Codeine can cause constipation, not diarrhea. You should increase your fluid and fiber intake and use laxatives as prescribed to prevent constipation.

Choice C reason: You should not take the medication on an empty stomach to prevent nausea. Codeine can cause nausea and vomiting, especially on an empty stomach. You should take the medication with food or milk to reduce nausea.

Choice D reason: You should change positions slowly while taking codeine. Codeine can cause orthostatic hypotension, which is a sudden drop in blood pressure when you stand up. This can cause dizziness, fainting, and falls. You should change positions slowly and use caution when walking or climbing stairs.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because reporting symptoms that last longer than 2 days is not specific to guaifenesin. This is a general instruction for any patient with a sinus infection, regardless of the medication they are taking.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because reporting clear-colored sputum to the prescriber is not necessary. Clear-colored sputum indicates that the infection is improving and the mucus is thinning. This is a desired effect of guaifenesin, not a problem that needs to be reported.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because guaifenesin does not have sedating effects. Guaifenesin is an expectorant that helps to break up and expel mucus from the respiratory tract. It does not cause drowsiness or impair the ability to drive or operate machinery.

Choice D reason: This is correct because increasing fluid intake is an important instruction for a patient taking guaifenesin. Fluids help to hydrate the body and thin the mucus, making it easier to cough up and clear the sinuses. Fluids also help to prevent dehydration and dryness of the mucous membranes.

A. Immediate onset B. Absence of rebound congestion C. Shorter duration D. More potent effect

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because orally administered decongestants do not have an immediate onset. They take longer to act than nasal sprays because they have to be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Nasal sprays act directly on the nasal mucosa and have a faster onset.

Choice B reason: This is correct because orally administered decongestants do not cause rebound congestion. Rebound congestion is a condition in which the nasal passages become more swollen and congested after the effect of the nasal spray wears off. This can lead to overuse and dependence on the nasal spray. Orally administered decongestants do not have this effect because they act systemically and not locally.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because orally administered decongestants do not have a shorter duration. They have a longer duration than nasal sprays because they are metabolized more slowly by the liver. Nasal sprays have a shorter duration because they are eliminated more quickly by the nasal mucosa.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because orally administered decongestants are not more potent than nasal sprays. They have a similar potency, but they have a different mechanism of action. Orally administered decongestants act on the alpha-adrenergic receptors in the blood vessels, causing vasoconstriction and reducing congestion. Nasal sprays act on the beta-adrenergic receptors in the bronchial smooth muscle, causing bronchodilation and improving airflow.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for codeine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is taking guaifenesin as part of treatment for a sinus infection. Which instruction will the nurse include during patient teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A gardener needs a decongestant because of seasonal allergy problems and asks the nurse whether he should take an oral form or a nasal spray. Which of these is a benefit of orally administered decongestants?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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