A nurse is teaching a client who has a vitamin K deficiency about the effects of vitamin K. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Vitamin K is produced in the liver:
Vitamin K promotes fibrinogen formation:
Vitamin K is produced in the gastric juices.
Vitamin K reverses warfarin toxicity.
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Vitamin K is produced in the liver: The liver stores vitamin K but does not produce it. Vitamin K is synthesized mainly by intestinal bacteria and obtained from dietary sources such as leafy green vegetables.
B. Vitamin K promotes fibrinogen formation: Fibrinogen is produced by the liver and does not require vitamin K for its synthesis. Vitamin K is instead essential for the activation of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X.
C. Vitamin K is produced in the gastric juices: Gastric juices aid digestion but do not produce vitamin K. Intestinal flora in the colon synthesize vitamin K, which contributes to the body’s stores.
D. Vitamin K reverses warfarin toxicity: Vitamin K acts as an antidote to warfarin because it restores the synthesis of vitamin K–dependent clotting factors. This property is clinically used to manage excessive anticoagulation and bleeding related to warfarin therapy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Monitor Homan's sign: Homan's sign is no longer recommended for assessing deep vein thrombosis because it is unreliable and can be falsely positive or negative. In addition, forcibly dorsiflexing the foot may dislodge a clot, increasing the risk of embolization.
B. Obtain a venous duplex ultrasound: A venous duplex ultrasound is the most accurate, noninvasive test for confirming deep vein thrombosis. It visualizes blood flow and identifies the presence of thrombi, making it the diagnostic tool of choice in this situation.
C. Obtain impedance plethysmography: Impedance plethysmography can detect venous obstruction but is less sensitive and less commonly used than duplex ultrasound. It has largely been replaced by duplex imaging as the preferred diagnostic method for DVT.
D. Apply cold therapy to the affected leg: Cold therapy is not indicated for suspected DVT and may worsen discomfort without addressing the underlying problem. The priority is diagnostic confirmation and medical management, not local therapy.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "I should soak my feet before trimming my nails": Soaking feet can soften the skin but increases the risk of skin breakdown and infection in clients with diabetes. Moist environments can promote fungal growth and make the skin more susceptible to injury when trimming nails.
B. "I should use a heating pad at night when my feet feel cold": Using a heating pad is unsafe because diabetic neuropathy can reduce sensation, increasing the risk of burns. Clients with diabetes should avoid direct heat sources on their feet to prevent injury.
C. "I should buy new shoes late in the day": Feet tend to swell throughout the day, so purchasing shoes in the late afternoon or evening ensures a better fit. Properly fitting shoes help prevent pressure points, blisters, and ulcers, which are critical for diabetic foot care.
D. “I should wear a clean pair of nylon socks every day": Nylon socks do not wick moisture effectively and can trap sweat, increasing the risk of fungal infections. Cotton or moisture-wicking socks are recommended to keep feet dry and reduce the risk of skin breakdown.
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