A nurse is teaching a client who is to begin chemotherapy about a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

"We will change the dressing daily."

"We can measure your blood pressure in either arm."

"We will replace the PICC every month."

"We can draw blood samples from the PICC for diagnostic tests."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Rationale:

A. "We will change the dressing daily." The dressing for a PICC is typically changed every 7 days, or sooner if it becomes wet or soiled. Changing it daily is not necessary unless there is a specific indication for more frequent changes, such as infection or drainage.

B. "We can measure your blood pressure in either arm." It is not recommended to measure blood pressure in the arm with the PICC line as this could increase the risk of complications, such as dislodging the catheter or causing discomfort. BP should be measured in the opposite arm.

C. "We will replace the PICC every month." It is a long-term catheter, used for several months, unless there are complications or it needs to be replaced due to malfunction or infection. Regular assessments and care are necessary, but replacement is not routine monthly.

D. "We can draw blood samples from the PICC for diagnostic tests." The PICC line is often used for drawing blood samples, as it provides easy access to the central venous system. Blood can be drawn from the PICC for diagnostic tests, which is one of its primary uses in chemotherapy patients.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. "Make sure family members wear masks whenever they are in the same room as you."
Masks are mainly recommended for the client with tuberculosis, not family members unless they are at high risk. The focus should be on good hygiene and cough etiquette.

B. "Return to work after two consecutive sputum cultures are negative." While negative sputum cultures are important, returning to work depends on completing the full treatment regimen and clinical improvement. Full treatment is essential for transmission control.

C. "Before coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with a tissue." This is the correct advice to prevent the spread of tuberculosis. Covering the mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing helps contain respiratory droplets and protect others.

D. "Wear a high-filtration mask at home when family members are nearby." Wearing a high-filtration mask is generally necessary for healthcare settings. At home, focus should be on cough etiquette, good ventilation, and completing prescribed treatment.

A. Flumazenil B. Diphenhydramine C. Naloxone D. Calcium gluconate

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Flumazenil: Flumazenil is used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepines, not opioids like morphine. It would not be effective in this situation since the client is experiencing respiratory depression due to morphine use.

B. Diphenhydramine: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine, and while it may help with symptoms like itching, it does not reverse respiratory depression caused by opioids. It is not appropriate for this scenario.

C. Naloxone: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression. It is the appropriate medication to administer in this situation to quickly reverse the respiratory depression caused by morphine.

D. Calcium gluconate: Calcium gluconate is used to treat calcium channel blocker overdose or certain types of hyperkalemia, but it is not effective for reversing respiratory depression caused by opioids.

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A nurse is teaching a client who is to begin chemotherapy about a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

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