A nurse is caring for a client who understands a prescribed surgical procedure, but cannot read or write. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Rationale:

A. Place a pillow between the client's legs: Placing a pillow between the client's legs is essential to maintain hip abduction and prevent dislocation. This keeps the new hip in proper alignment and reduces the risk of complications like dislocation.

B. Encourage the client to use an incentive spirometer every 4 hr: Using the spirometer every 4 hours is insufficient. The client should use it every 1-2 hours while awake to prevent atelectasis and promote deep breathing, especially after surgery.

C. Maintain the client on bed rest for 12 hr: Strict bed rest for 12 hours is not needed. Early mobilization helps prevent DVT and improve circulation, though activity should be limited to avoid stress on the surgical site.

D. Administer a topical antibiotic to the client's incision: Topical antibiotics are usually not given unless specifically ordered. Wound care after hip arthroplasty generally involves sterile dressings and monitoring for infection. Antibiotics if needed are administered systemically.

Rationale:

A. "A possible cause of this problem is a long-term lack of dietary protein." Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is not caused by a lack of dietary protein. It is mainly associated with aging, genetics, and environmental factors like smoking, not nutrition alone.

B. "You probably have noticed a decline in your central vision." AMD primarily affects central vision, making it difficult to see fine details, read, or recognize faces. The client will often notice this decline in their central vision.

C. "You probably have a detachment of your retina." Retinal detachment is not a characteristic of AMD. AMD involves damage to the macula, which is the central part of the retina, not a detachment.

D. "The doctor can perform surgery to correct this by repairing the folds in your retina." There is no surgical procedure that "repairs folds" in the retina to correct age-related macular degeneration.