A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about routes of medication administration for preschoolers. Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select All that Apply.)
Using a medicine cup for oral medication administration
Instructing the child to swallow sublingual medication
Administering rectal medication into the client's anus
Selecting a suitable vein for intravenous medication administration
Educating the client on proper inhalation technique for inhaled medication
Applying topical or transdermal medication directly to the client's open wound
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
A. Using a medicine cup for oral medication administration: Medicine cups allow accurate measurement of liquid medications and are appropriate for preschool-aged children who can cooperate with oral intake. This method reduces dosing errors and facilitates safe administration.
B. Instructing the child to swallow sublingual medication: Sublingual medications are designed to dissolve under the tongue for rapid absorption. Preschoolers may lack the developmental ability to hold the medication properly, making this route unsafe without close supervision. This instruction is not routinely appropriate for this age group.
C. Administering rectal medication into the client's anus: Rectal administration is a valid route for preschoolers, especially when oral administration is not possible due to vomiting or refusal. Proper technique ensures absorption and minimizes discomfort.
D. Selecting a suitable vein for intravenous medication administration: IV administration requires careful vein selection to ensure effective delivery and reduce complications. Preschoolers often need smaller-gauge catheters, and site choice is critical for safety.
E. Educating the client on proper inhalation technique for inhaled medication: Preschoolers can be taught to use inhalers with spacers or masks to optimize medication delivery to the lungs. Education helps improve adherence and therapeutic effect.
F. Applying topical or transdermal medication directly to the client's open wound: Applying topical medications directly to an open wound is inappropriate unless specifically prescribed for wound care. Standard transdermal patches are intended for intact skin; misuse can lead to systemic toxicity or local irritation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. “There is an increased workload on the right side of the heart, making the muscle thinner and harder for the heart to pump blood through the body.": Cardiomyopathy typically involves the ventricles rather than just the right side of the heart, and ventricular muscle often becomes thickened or dilated rather than thinner initially.
B. "There is an increased workload on the left side of the heart, making the muscle thicker and harder for the heart to pump blood through the body.": While left-sided involvement can occur, cardiomyopathy often affects both ventricles, not solely the left side.
C. “There is an increased workload in the right and left atria, making the muscle thinner and harder for the heart to pump blood through the body.": The atria are not the primary sites affected in cardiomyopathy; pathology predominantly affects the ventricles, which manage the major pumping workload.
D. “There is an increased workload in the right and left ventricles, making the muscle thicker and harder for the heart to pump blood through the body.": Cardiomyopathy causes the ventricular muscle to undergo hypertrophy or dilation due to increased workload, impairing effective pumping. This accurately reflects the pathophysiology and ventricular involvement.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
A. Delayed motor development:Muscular dystrophy is characterized by progressive muscle degeneration that often presents in early childhood. Delayed milestones such as late walking, difficulty running, or frequent falls are common early assessment findings.
B. Lung defects:Progressive weakness of respiratory muscles can impair ventilation and cough effectiveness. Over time, this can lead to restrictive lung disease, recurrent respiratory infections, and decreased pulmonary function.
C. Scoliosis:Weakness of trunk and paraspinal muscles contributes to abnormal spinal curvature. As muscle imbalance progresses, scoliosis commonly develops and can further compromise respiratory function.
D. Insomnia:Sleep disturbances are not a defining or expected manifestation of muscular dystrophy. While fatigue may occur, insomnia is not a characteristic assessment finding related to the disease process itself.
E. Muscle weakness:Progressive, symmetrical muscle weakness is the hallmark feature of muscular dystrophy. It typically begins in proximal muscles and worsens over time, significantly affecting mobility and functional ability.
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