A nurse reviews a client's laboratory report and notes that the client's serum phosphorus (phosphate) level is 1.8 mg/dL. Which condition most likely caused this serum phosphorus level?
Hypercholesterolemia
Malnutrition
Renal insufficiency
Hypoparathyroidism
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hypercholesterolemia: This condition primarily affects cholesterol levels and is not directly associated with phosphorus imbalances. It does not typically cause hypophosphatemia.
B. Malnutrition: This is the correct choice. Malnutrition can lead to hypophosphatemia (low serum phosphorus levels) due to inadequate dietary intake of phosphorus and impaired absorption.
C. Renal insufficiency: Renal insufficiency generally causes hyperphosphatemia (high serum phosphorus levels) due to the kidneys' reduced ability to excrete phosphate, not hypophosphatemia.
D. Hypoparathyroidism: This condition is more commonly associated with hypocalcemia (low calcium levels) rather than hypophosphatemia. In some cases, hypoparathyroidism can cause elevated phosphorus levels, but not typically hypophosphatemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Respiratory rate 24/min: A respiratory rate of 24/min indicates tachypnea, which can be a sign of ongoing fluid volume excess or other complications. This does not show effective treatment.
B. Blood pressure 138/86 mm Hg: While this blood pressure is within the higher range of normal, it does not specifically indicate effective treatment of fluid volume excess. Blood pressure alone is not a reliable indicator of fluid status.
C. Total urinary output 700 mL in 24 hours: A urinary output of 700 mL in 24 hours is below the normal range (typically 800-2000 mL per day) and suggests that the fluid volume excess has not been effectively treated. Adequate urinary output is a key indicator of effective fluid management.
D. Weight loss of 4 lb in 24 hours: A weight loss of 4 lb in 24 hours is a clear indicator that the client has lost excess fluid, which is the desired outcome in treating fluid volume excess. This demonstrates that the treatment has been effective in reducing fluid retention
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Discontinue use of supplemental oxygen: This option is incorrect because supplemental oxygen is used to increase the oxygen levels in the blood, which is not directly related to addressing respiratory acidosis. In respiratory acidosis, the problem is primarily with the elimination of CO2 rather than oxygenation.
B. Encouraging use of incentive spirometer: This is the correct choice as using an incentive spirometer helps improve lung expansion and promotes alveolar ventilation, which aids in reducing CO2 levels in the blood, thereby addressing respiratory acidosis.
C. Implement fluid restrictions: This option is not suitable because fluid restrictions do not directly address the underlying issue of respiratory acidosis. Fluid restrictions might be necessary for other conditions, but they are not effective in correcting respiratory acid-base imbalances.
D. Administering an antitussive agent: This is incorrect because antitussive agents suppress cough reflexes, which can be counterproductive. In respiratory acidosis, coughing is often a protective mechanism to help clear secretions, so suppressing it may worsen the acid-base imbalance.
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