A parent tells the nurse, "I'm not sure how to give this medicine to my infant." How would the nurse teach the parent to administer an oral suspension to an infant?
Use an oral syringe and place the medication in the side of the infant's mouth.
Pour the medication into a small cup and allow the infant to drink it.
Administer the medication with a dropper onto the back of the infant's tongue.
Place the medication in a nipple and have the infant suck the nipple.
The Correct Answer is A
Safe pediatric medication administration in infants requires precise dosing, aspiration prevention, and controlled delivery to reduce risk of choking, aspiration pneumonia, and dosage loss. Oral syringe techniques are preferred for accurate delivery into buccal mucosa.
Rationale:
A. Oral syringe placement into the buccal cavity allows controlled administration of liquid suspension while minimizing aspiration risk. Delivering medication slowly along the inner cheek promotes swallowing reflex and prevents gagging, ensuring accurate dosing and improved medication safety in infants.
B. Pouring medication into a cup is unsafe due to poor motor control and inability of infants to coordinate swallowing from an open container. This increases risk of aspiration, spillage, and inaccurate dosing, making this method inappropriate for infant medication administration.
C. Administering medication to the back of the tongue increases gag reflex stimulation and aspiration risk. Infants are unable to coordinate swallowing effectively when medication is directed posteriorly, leading to choking or pulmonary aspiration complications, making this method unsafe clinically.
D. Using a nipple may alter feeding behavior and cause refusal or inconsistent dosing. Medication delivery via bottle nipple is unreliable because infants may not consume full dose, and medication residue may remain in nipple, leading to underdosing and ineffective therapy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Topical medication absorption in infants is influenced by skin permeability, occlusion, and moisture retention. Occlusive materials such as plastic diapers alter drug pharmacokinetics by affecting transepidermal absorption, potentially modifying therapeutic effectiveness or drug exposure levels.
Rationale:
A. Plastic diapers do not primarily cause maceration in the context of medicated cream application. Maceration results from prolonged moisture exposure, not the diaper material itself. While occlusion may contribute to moisture retention, the main pharmacologic concern is altered drug absorption rather than tissue breakdown.
B. Plastic diapers act as an occlusive barrier, reducing evaporation and altering skin hydration. This can either increase or decrease drug penetration depending on formulation, but commonly they reduce intended drug efficacy control by interfering with predictable absorption and distribution across the skin surface.
C. Plastic diapers do not have no effect on absorption. Occlusion significantly modifies cutaneous pharmacokinetics by increasing hydration of the stratum corneum, which changes permeability. Therefore, assuming no effect is physiologically inaccurate in pediatric topical drug administration.
D. Plastic diapers generally increase rather than simply diminish or have no effect on absorption due to occlusive hydration effects. However, in clinical teaching contexts, the key concern is that they alter predictable absorption, making drug delivery less controlled and potentially inconsistent.
Correct Answer is ["37.5"]
Explanation
Step 1: Identify formula (Young’s Rule)
Child dose = Age ÷ (Age + 12) × Adult dose
Step 2: Insert values
= 9 ÷ (9 + 12) × 75 mg
Step 3: Solve denominator
= 9 ÷ 21 × 75 mg
Step 4: Calculate
= 0.4286 × 75
= 32.1 mg
Step 5: Round appropriately
= 32 mg
Final Answer: 32 mg
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