A patient has type 1 diabetes (T1DM). The nurse is teaching her the early signs and symptoms of an insulin overdose, which include:

extreme thirst and excessive urination

abdominal pain and nausea

dyspnea, pallor and ketones in the urine

perspiration and a trembling sensation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Extreme thirst and excessive urination: These are signs of hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), not an insulin overdose. Insulin overdose typically causes hypoglycemia, not elevated blood sugar, which presents differently.

B. Abdominal pain and nausea: Abdominal pain and nausea are more commonly associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or gastroparesis rather than an insulin overdose. These symptoms are not the typical early signs of hypoglycemia caused by too much insulin.

C. Dyspnea, pallor, and ketones in the urine: These are also symptoms associated with DKA, which is a complication of insulin deficiency, not an insulin overdose. In DKA, blood sugar is high, not low, and ketones are present in the urine.

D. Perspiration and a trembling sensation: Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) from an insulin overdose often leads to symptoms like sweating, trembling, shakiness, and dizziness. These are early warning signs that the blood glucose is too low and insulin needs adjustment.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The patient has recently received a raise and a promotion at work: Positive life events, such as a raise or promotion, are less likely to cause significant worsening of symptoms. Positive changes are generally less impactful than negative stressors on thyroid conditions.

B. The patient has recently lost their job and their mother has recently been diagnosed with breast cancer: Losing a job and dealing with a loved one's serious illness can lead to significant stress, which can contribute to increased thyroid hormone production and worsen hyperthyroid symptoms.

C. The patient has recently changed their bedtime routine and now is getting 7-8 hours of sleep each night: Adequate rest (7-8 hours per night) is beneficial for overall health, including thyroid function. Consistent sleep routine can help improve symptoms of Graves' disease.

D. The patient has recently lost 10 lbs because they have modified their dietary intake and began walking 1-2 miles each day: Exercise and weight loss from healthy lifestyle changes (diet and walking) are generally beneficial and can improve symptoms of Graves' disease.

A. "I realize I will be taking this medication for the rest of my life" B. "I will not skip doses of my medication" C. "I take my medication as soon as I awake with a cup of coffee with cream and sugar" D. "I take my medication as soon as I awake, and wait 30 minutes before I eat or drink anything" E. "Flush the toilet at least 3 times after each use"

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "I realize I will be taking this medication for the rest of my life": This statement shows the patient’s understanding of the lifelong nature of treatment for hypothyroidism. It does not indicate a problem with the effectiveness of the medication.

B. "I will not skip doses of my medication": Consistency in taking levothyroxine is important for maintaining thyroid hormone levels and effective management of hypothyroidism. Skipping doses would decreaseeffectiveness

C. "I take my medication as soon as I awake with a cup of coffee with cream and sugar": Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach, 30-60 minutes before eating or drinking anything except water. Taking it with coffee, cream, and sugar can interfere with the absorption of the medication, potentially reducing its effectiveness.

D. "I take my medication as soon as I awake, and wait 30 minutes before I eat or drink anything": This is the appropriate way to take levothyroxine. Waiting 30 minutes before eating or drinking other than water ensures that the medication is fully absorbed by the body.

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A patient has type 1 diabetes (T1DM). The nurse is teaching her the early signs and symptoms of an insulin overdose, which include:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

While assessing a client with Graves' disease, the nurse notes that which of the following situations may contribute to making the symptoms worse:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is collecting a health history from a patient that is taking Levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. Over the past 12 months, the dose of the medication has been increased twice. Which of the following statements made by the patient could be the reason the medication is not effective:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is aware that diabetics are prone to infection, which can be attributed to:

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