The nurse is providing an in-service on thyroid disorders. One of the attendees asks the nurse. "Why don't the people in the United States get goiters as often? Which statement by the nurse is the best response?

"Iodized salt helps prevent the development of goiters in the United States."

"It is because of the screening techniques used in the United States."

"The medications available in the United States decrease goiters."

"It is a generic predisposition rare in North Americans."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "Iodized salt helps prevent the development of goiters in the United States.": Iodine deficiency is a primary cause of goiter, and in the United States, the widespread use of iodized salt has significantly reduced the incidence of goiters.

B. "It is because of the screening techniques used in the United States.": While screening for thyroid disorders is important, it is not the primary reason for the lower incidence of goiters. The main reason is the availability of iodine through iodized salt.

C. "The medications available in the United States decrease goiters.": Medications like thyroid hormone replacements can help manage thyroid disorders, but they do not directly prevent goiters. The reduction in goiters is mainly due to dietary iodine availability.

D. "It is a genetic predisposition rare in North Americans.": While genetic factors can play a role in thyroid disorders, iodine deficiency is the primary cause of goiters worldwide. Iodine deficiency is less common in the United States due to iodized salt, not genetic predisposition.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. With food: Levothyroxine should not be taken with food because it can interfere with the absorption of the medication. Food, especially high-fiber meals, can reduce the effectiveness of levothyroxine.

B. With milk: Milk contains calcium, which is known to interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine. Taking the medication with milk would reduce its effectiveness and could necessitate a higher dose, or lead to fluctuations in thyroid hormone levels.

C. On an empty stomach: Levothyroxineshould be taken on an empty stomach, typically 30 to 60 minutes beforeeating or drinking anything, except water, to ensure optimal absorption and effectiveness.

D. With fruit juice: Fruit juice is not ideal for taking levothyroxine, as it can also affect absorption, especially grapefruit juice. It is best to take the medication with water only.

A. diabetic ketoacidosis B. hypoglycemia C. rebound hyperglycemia D. an insulin reaction

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA): DKA occurs when there is a lack of insulin, and the body starts breaking down fat for fuel, producing ketones. This leads to fruity breath, deep respirations (Kussmaul breathing), and dry, hot skin due to dehydration.

B. Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia presents with shakiness, sweating, and dizziness, but it does not cause fruity breath or deep respirations. These symptoms are more typical of DKA, which involves metabolic acidosis and abnormal respiratory patterns.

C. Rebound hyperglycemia: Rebound hyperglycemia, or the Somogyi effect, results from low blood sugar during the night, leading to a counter-regulatory hormone response. It does not cause fruity breath or deep respirations, which are characteristic of DKA.

D. An insulin reaction: An insulin reaction usually refers to hypoglycemia, characterized by symptoms like shakiness, sweating, and confusion. It does not explain the abdominal pain, fruity breath, or deep respirations, all indicative of DKA.

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The nurse is providing an in-service on thyroid disorders. One of the attendees asks the nurse. "Why don't the people in the United States get goiters as often? Which statement by the nurse is the best response?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine (Synthroid) is prescribed. The nurse who plans to teach this client about the medication should include that the appropriate method for taking the medication is:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The patient comes to the emergency room with dry hot skin, fruity breath, and deep respirations and is complaining of abdominal pain. The nurse interprets these signs and symptoms as:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antibodies that destroy essential enzymes needed for the production of T 3 and T4. This nurse is aware that this client is experiencing:

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus. The client is confused, flushed, and has an acetone odor on his breath. The nurse should anticipate an order for which of the following types of insulin to treat the client?

The nurse is caring for a patient scheduled for a thyroidectomy. Which instruction should be included in the preoperative care?

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Order: Synthroid 0.3 mg p.o. daily. Available strength: 0.3 mg. (use LABEL 1 ON SUPPLEMENTAL EXAM SHEET; ANSWER WITH NO SPACES. I.e.10tabs))

A client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus has a nursing diagnosis of Knowledge deficit: diabetes, medical regimen, diet, exercise, and self-care management skills. Which nursing goal is appropriate for this client?