A patient insistently states, "I can decipher codes of DNA just by looking at someone." Which problem is evident?

Magical thinking

Ideas of reference

Visual hallucinations

Thought insertion

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Magical thinking involves belief that one has special powers or that thoughts/actions can influence unrelated events. Claiming an ability to decode DNA by sight reflects an irrational belief in a special, unrealistic power.
B. Ideas of reference are the belief that neutral events (TV, conversations) refer specifically to oneself; that is not described here.
C. Visual hallucinations are false sensory perceptions (seeing things that aren't there); the statement describes a belief about an ability, not a sensory experience.
D. Thought insertion is the delusional belief that others are putting thoughts into one’s mind; the patient is claiming a personal ability, not externally implanted thoughts.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic with a lower risk of weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension compared with olanzapine or clozapine, making it suitable for a patient who is overweight and hypertensive. It effectively treats positive symptoms such as auditory hallucinations and may improve social functioning.

B. Olanzapine is effective for schizophrenia but is associated with significant weight gain, hyperlipidemia, and worsening hypertension, making it less appropriate for this patient.

C. Clozapine is reserved for treatment-resistant schizophrenia due to risks of agranulocytosis, myocarditis, and metabolic side effects; it is not first-line for this patient.

D. Ziprasidone has a lower risk of metabolic side effects than olanzapine or clozapine, but it carries a risk of QT prolongation, which may be concerning in hypertensive patients with potential cardiac risks.

A. Referral of a formerly suicidal patient to a support group. B. Psychiatric hospitalization of a suicidal patient C. Suicide precautions for 24 hours for newly admitted patients. D. Helping school children learn to manage stress and be resilient.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Referral of a formerly suicidal patient to a support group is a form of tertiary prevention, aimed at preventing recurrence and promoting recovery after an event.

B. Psychiatric hospitalization of a suicidal patient is considered secondary prevention, targeting individuals at immediate risk to prevent harm.

C. Suicide precautions for 24 hours for newly admitted patients is secondary prevention, focused on intervening during a high-risk period.

D. Helping school children learn to manage stress and be resilient is primary prevention, aimed at preventing the onset of suicidal behaviors before any signs or risk factors appear.

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A patient insistently states, "I can decipher codes of DNA just by looking at someone." Which problem is evident?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A health care provider considers which antipsychotic medication to prescribe for a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia who has auditory hallucinations and poor social function. The patient is also overweight and hypertensive. Which drug should the nurse advocate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which measure would be considered a form of primary prevention for suicide?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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