A patient presents with a mid-shaft humeral fracture. Which anatomical landmark is most relevant for assessing potential nerve damage?
Radial groove
Greater tubercle
Coracoid process
Medial epicondyle
The Correct Answer is A
A. Radial groove: The radial (spiral) groove runs along the mid-shaft of the humerus and houses the radial nerve — injury here commonly causes wrist drop and sensory loss on the posterior forearm/hand.
B. Greater tubercle: The greater tubercle is on the proximal humerus and is the site for rotator cuff muscle attachments; it’s not the landmark for mid-shaft nerve injury.
C. Coracoid process: Part of the scapula (anterior shoulder), important for muscle/ligament attachment, not adjacent to the humeral mid-shaft or the radial nerve.
D. Medial epicondyle: A distal humeral landmark near the elbow where the ulnar nerve passes (cubital tunnel) — relevant to elbow/ulnar nerve injury, not mid-shaft radial nerve injury.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Dermis:The dermis contains blood vessels and many inflammatory responses that produce redness and swelling and is involved when inflammation extends below the epidermis.
B. Hypodermis:The hypodermis (subcutaneous layer) contains adipose tissue and larger vessels; involvement here indicates deeper inflammation than what is described as superficial.
C. Subcutaneous tissue:Subcutaneous tissue is synonymous with the hypodermis and indicates deeper involvement rather than a superficial process.
D. Epidermis:The epidermis is the most superficial layer of the skin and is affected in superficial inflammatory conditions such as dermatitis or mild contact irritation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Secretion of sebum:Sebaceous glands secrete sebum, an oily substance that lubricates and helps waterproof the skin and hair.
B. Production of melanin:Melanin is produced by melanocytes in the epidermis rather than by sebaceous glands.
C. Protection against UV radiation:Protection from UV radiation is mainly provided by melanin produced by epidermal melanocytes, not by sebaceous gland secretions.
D. Temperature regulation:Temperature regulation is achieved primarily through eccrine sweat glands and cutaneous blood flow, not by sebaceous gland activity.
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