A patient presents with a mid-shaft humeral fracture. Which anatomical landmark is most relevant for assessing potential nerve damage?
Radial groove
Greater tubercle
Coracoid process
Medial epicondyle
The Correct Answer is A
A. Radial groove: The radial (spiral) groove runs along the mid-shaft of the humerus and houses the radial nerve — injury here commonly causes wrist drop and sensory loss on the posterior forearm/hand.
B. Greater tubercle: The greater tubercle is on the proximal humerus and is the site for rotator cuff muscle attachments; it’s not the landmark for mid-shaft nerve injury.
C. Coracoid process: Part of the scapula (anterior shoulder), important for muscle/ligament attachment, not adjacent to the humeral mid-shaft or the radial nerve.
D. Medial epicondyle: A distal humeral landmark near the elbow where the ulnar nerve passes (cubital tunnel) — relevant to elbow/ulnar nerve injury, not mid-shaft radial nerve injury.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Ligaments:Ligaments stabilize and limit joint movement but do not primarily reduce friction.
B. Articular cartilage: Articular cartilage provides a smooth, low-friction surface and shock absorption, helping reduce friction.
C. Joint capsule: The joint capsule encloses and stabilizes the joint and contains synovial fluid but is not the main friction-reducing element.
D. Synovial fluid: Synovial fluid lubricates the joint surfaces, nourishes cartilage, and significantly reduces friction during movement.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Striated muscle:Striated muscle refers to muscle with a banded appearance and includes skeletal and cardiac muscle; it is not the typical involuntary muscle of hollow organs.
B. Cardiac muscle:Cardiac muscle is involuntary and striated but is specific to the heart rather than the walls of most hollow organs.
C. Smooth muscle:Smooth muscle is non-striated, involuntary, and forms the walls of hollow organs (for example blood vessels, the gastrointestinal tract, and the bladder).
D. Skeletal muscle:Skeletal muscle is striated and under voluntary control, primarily attached to bones for movement.
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