A patient who has been anticoagulated with heparin for a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has developed a gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. The nurse anticipates that the patient will receive which antidote?
Protamine sulfate
Vitamin E
Potassium chloride
Vitamin K
The Correct Answer is A
A. Protamine sulfate: Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin (it neutralizes heparin’s anticoagulant effect).
B. Vitamin E: Vitamin E is not an anticoagulant antidote.
C. Potassium chloride: Potassium chloride is an electrolyte supplement, not an antidote for heparin.
D. Vitamin K: Vitamin K reverses warfarin, not heparin.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Have client use incentive spirometer and cough q2h while awake: Incentive spirometry prevents atelectasis and improves pulmonary hygiene but does not directly prevent venous thrombosis/PE.
B. Give Lovenox 40 mg subcutaneously daily: Low-molecular-weight heparin (e.g., enoxaparin/Lovenox) is commonly ordered postoperatively to prevent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
C. Have patient sit on bedside and dangle lower extremities: Prolonged sitting/leg dependency can promote venous stasis and increase DVT risk; early ambulation is preferred.
D. Give hydromorphone 1 to 4 mg IVP q4h prn: Opioid analgesia manages pain but does not prevent thrombophlebitis or PE; in fact, oversedation may reduce mobility and increase DVT risk.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. “The vaccination must be administered in two doses.”: This assumes a hepatitis C vaccine exists and has a two-dose schedule; no licensed hepatitis C vaccine exists to have any dosing schedule.
B. “Have you received the hepatitis B vaccination?”: Hepatitis B does have a vaccine (so asking about it can be useful), but it does not answer the client’s request about hepatitis C. This response redirects rather than directly addressing the client’s statement.
C. “There is no vaccination against hepatitis C.”: This directly and accurately answers the client’s statement by stating that no vaccine currently exists for hepatitis C.
D. "Why are you interested in receiving this vaccine?": Acceptable as a follow-up question (explores risk/exposure), but it does not first correct the factual misunderstanding; best practice is to answer the factual question first, then explore motivations.
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