A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse how metformin decreases blood sugar. What is the best response by the nurse?
the medication increases insulin resistance of the cells in the body
the medication blocks carbohydrate absorption in the intestine
the medication increases insulin release from the pancreas
the medication decreases glucose production in the liver
The Correct Answer is D
A. Metformin actually decreases insulin resistance, helping cells use insulin more effectively.
B. Metformin does not primarily block carbohydrate absorption; that is the mechanism of some other drugs like alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.
C. Metformin does not stimulate insulin secretion; it works independently of insulin release.
D. Metformin reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis (glucose production by the liver), which lowers blood sugar levels, making this the best explanation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Delaying urination can lead to urinary stasis, which increases the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and bladder dysfunction. Encouraging regular and timely emptying of the bladder helps flush out bacteria, reduces pressure on the bladder, and supports overall urinary tract health.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Obtaining informed consent is the physician’s responsibility and should occur before the surgery, not post-operatively.
B. Early ambulation after a cholecystectomy helps prevent postoperative complications such as atelectasis, pneumonia, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It is an appropriate and evidence-based nursing intervention once pain is controlled.
C. Keeping the patient strictly supine can impair lung expansion and increase the risk for respiratory complications; upright positioning is generally encouraged.
D. Fast food is not appropriate immediately post-op, as it can be high in fat and may worsen gastrointestinal discomfort or delay recovery.
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