A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse how metformin decreases blood sugar. What is the best response by the nurse?
the medication increases insulin resistance of the cells in the body
the medication blocks carbohydrate absorption in the intestine
the medication increases insulin release from the pancreas
the medication decreases glucose production in the liver
The Correct Answer is D
A. Metformin actually decreases insulin resistance, helping cells use insulin more effectively.
B. Metformin does not primarily block carbohydrate absorption; that is the mechanism of some other drugs like alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.
C. Metformin does not stimulate insulin secretion; it works independently of insulin release.
D. Metformin reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis (glucose production by the liver), which lowers blood sugar levels, making this the best explanation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["30"]
Explanation
Urine output less than 30 mL/hour for more than 2 consecutive hours is a sign of decreased kidney perfusion or possible renal impairment. It should be promptly reported to the provider to prevent further complications such as acute kidney injury. This threshold is a standard indicator used in clinical settings to monitor renal function and fluid balance.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Maintaining glucose control is a goal, not a specific actionable recommendation to begin a healthy lifestyle.
B. Weight loss is beneficial, but suggesting a specific number of pounds may not be realistic or immediately actionable as an initial step.
C. Developing an exercise schedule is a good long-term strategy, but it can be overwhelming for someone just starting out.
D. Engaging in brisk walking is a simple, accessible, and effective way to begin increasing physical activity, improve insulin sensitivity, and help control blood glucose levels — making it an ideal initial recommendation.
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