A risk factor for generalized anxiety disorder is:
Personality disorder
Anorexia nervosa
Schizophrenia
Substance abuse
Correct Answer : A,D
Choice A reason: Personality disorders are a recognized risk factor for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Clients with maladaptive personality traits such as perfectionism, dependency, or avoidant tendencies are more prone to chronic worry and anxiety. These traits interfere with coping mechanisms and increase vulnerability to persistent anxiety symptoms.
Choice B reason: Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by restrictive eating and distorted body image. While anxiety can coexist with anorexia, it is not considered a direct risk factor for GAD. The primary pathology in anorexia is related to eating behaviors and body image rather than generalized worry.
Choice C reason: Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder involving hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. It is not a risk factor for GAD. Although anxiety can occur in schizophrenia, the two conditions are distinct and schizophrenia does not predispose someone to generalized anxiety disorder.
Choice D reason: Substance abuse is a major risk factor for GAD. Substances such as alcohol, stimulants, and sedatives can alter brain chemistry, impair coping mechanisms, and trigger or worsen anxiety symptoms. Withdrawal from substances also contributes to heightened anxiety, making substance abuse a strong risk factor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: While stress can influence symptom severity, somatic symptom illness is not simply intermittent control. This explanation is incomplete and misleading.
Choice B reason: Stating there is a physical cause misinforms the family. Somatic symptom illness is psychological in origin, not undetected physical disease.
Choice C reason: Suggesting the client is fabricating symptoms is inaccurate and stigmatizing. The symptoms are real to the client, even if not physically caused.
Choice D reason: Mental distress manifests as physical symptoms in somatic symptom illness. The client is not consciously aware of the psychological origin, making this the most accurate and therapeutic explanation.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Assessing coping mechanisms is important but not the priority when initiating lorazepam. The immediate concern is safety related to drug interactions.
Choice B reason: Alcohol use must be assessed first because combining lorazepam with alcohol can cause severe respiratory depression, sedation, and increased risk of overdose. This is the most critical safety assessment.
Choice C reason: Motivation for treatment is relevant for long-term adherence but not the most urgent concern when starting benzodiazepines.
Choice D reason: Family and social support are important for overall treatment success but are secondary to immediate safety concerns regarding alcohol use.
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