A woman asks the nurse, "How do oral contraceptives prevent pregnancy?" What will the nurse explain about the combination of estrogen and progesterone in oral contraceptives?
Prohibits implantation of the egg
Acts as a barrier by destroying sperm
Makes cervical mucus hostile to sperm
Prevents ovulation
The Correct Answer is D
A. Prohibits implantation of the egg: Combination oral contraceptives alter the endometrium, which can make implantation less likely, but this is not their primary mechanism of action.
B. Acts as a barrier by destroying sperm: Oral contraceptives do not act as a physical or chemical barrier to sperm and do not destroy sperm.
C. Makes cervical mucus hostile to sperm: Progestin components thicken cervical mucus, which does impede sperm movement and contributes to effectiveness, but this is an adjunct mechanism.
D. Prevents ovulation: Estrogen plus progestin primarily suppress the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis, preventing the LH surge and thus preventing ovulation -the main contraceptive effect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]
Explanation
A. "It is important to press firmly when feeling my breasts to detect changes.": Using firm pressure is part of the technique (use light, medium, then firm pressure) so that both superficial and deep lumps can be detected.
B. "Since I no longer have periods, I can perform an examination at any time of the month.": Menopausal clients do not need to coordinate BSE with menses; they should perform it monthly on a consistent day.
C. "I will make sure to feel for changes in my underarm area.": Lymph nodes and tissue in the axilla can show changes associated with breast pathology, so checking the underarm area is important.
D. "I don't have to lie down to check my breasts. I can stand in the shower.": A shower exam using soapy hands is an acceptable method for palpation; lying down is another option but not the only one.
E. "If I feel a firm ridge in the lower curve of my breasts I should report this immediately.": A firm inframammary ridge along the lower breast curve is often a normal anatomic finding, so this by itself does not always indicate pathology and usually does not require urgent reporting.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Multiple sexual partners: Multiple sexual partners can increase risk for sexually transmitted infections but are not a recognized specific risk factor for menstrual toxic shock syndrome; TSS is primarily associated with toxin-producing strains of bacteria and tampon use practices.
B. Travel to foreign countries: Travel is not a known risk factor for menstrual TSS.
C. Mosquito bites: Mosquito bites are unrelated to menstrual TSS risk.
D. High-absorbency tampons: Use of high-absorbency tampons and prolonged tampon use were identified historically as major risk factors for menstrual TSS; current prevention emphasizes using the lowest necessary absorbency and changing tampons regularly.
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