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A young client in the clinic has a rash, cough, coryza, and fever that the parent says spiked on day 5 of the rash. The client also had conjunctivitis. What illness would the nurse expect the health care provider to diagnose?

A.

Chickenpox

B.

Scarlet fever

C.

Measles

D.

Rubella

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Chickenpox typically presents with an itchy vesicular rash in different stages of development, usually starting on the trunk and face, but it is not usually associated with cough, coryza, or conjunctivitis.
B. Scarlet fever presents with a fine, sandpaper-like rash, fever, and sore throat but lacks the combination of cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis.
C. Measles (rubeola) is characterized by the “three Cs”: cough, coryza (runny nose), and conjunctivitis, followed by a maculopapular rash. Fever often spikes around day 3–5 of the rash. Koplik spots on the buccal mucosa are also a distinguishing feature.
D. Rubella generally causes a mild rash and low-grade fever; it rarely produces the pronounced cough, coryza, or conjunctivitis seen in measles.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Vitamin K is routinely given at birth to prevent hemorrhagic disease but is not required long-term for congenital hypothyroidism.
B. Vitamin C supplementation is not specifically indicated for congenital hypothyroidism.
C. Levothyroxine is the standard treatment for congenital hypothyroidism. Early and consistent administration is crucial for normal growth and neurodevelopment. Most infants will require lifelong therapy, with periodic monitoring and dosage adjustments based on growth and thyroid function tests.
D. While calcium is important for overall growth, congenital hypothyroidism does not specifically require increased calcium intake beyond standard nutritional recommendations.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A negative test refers to a contraction stress test (CST), not an NST, and indicates no late decelerations with contractions. This is not relevant here.
B. A positive test in a CST indicates repetitive late decelerations, which is not applicable to NST interpretation.
C. A reactive NST requires two or more accelerations of at least 15 bpm lasting 15 seconds within a 20-minute period for a fetus ≥32 weeks. Minimal variability with no accelerations does not meet criteria for reactivity.
D. A nonreactive NST occurs when the fetal heart rate fails to demonstrate the required accelerations over a 40-minute period or exhibits minimal variability, indicating possible fetal hypoxia or sleep state. The presence of brief decelerations does not compensate for the lack of accelerations. The nurse should notify the provider for further evaluation, which may include additional testing or interventions.

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