How should the nurse respond to a parent who asks, "How can I protect my baby from whooping cough?"
"Make sure your child gets the pertussis vaccine."
"Don't worry; your baby will have maternal immunity to pertussis that will last until approximately 18 months old."
"Have the family doctor prescribe prophylactic antibiotics for all close contacts."
"Have your pediatrician prescribe erythromycin."
"See the doctor when the baby gets a respiratory infection."
The Correct Answer is A
A. Vaccination is the primary prevention for pertussis (whooping cough). Infants receive the DTaP series starting at 2 months of age, which provides protection against the disease. Ensuring timely immunizations is the most effective method to protect the baby.
B. Maternal immunity is partial and short-lived, typically waning within the first few months of life. It does not provide protection until 18 months, so relying on maternal antibodies alone is inadequate.
C. Prophylactic antibiotics for contacts are recommended only in specific exposure situations, not as routine protection. Vaccination remains the main preventive measure.
D. Prescribing erythromycin is used for treatment or post-exposure prophylaxis in certain cases but is not a primary preventive strategy for all infants.
E. Waiting until the baby develops symptoms does not prevent infection and may result in severe illness, especially since infants are at high risk for complications from pertussis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Squeezing the stinger can force additional venom from the venom sac into the skin, increasing pain, swelling, and the risk of a more severe local or systemic reaction.
B. Washing the area with soap and water is important to reduce the risk of infection, but applying heat to “help the stinger move out” is not effective and could irritate the skin.
C. The recommended method is to carefully scrape the stinger out horizontally with a flat object, such as a credit card or fingernail. This removes the stinger quickly while minimizing additional venom injection and tissue trauma.
D. Leaving the stinger in place allows continued venom release, which can prolong swelling, redness, pain, and increase the risk of systemic reactions, particularly in children sensitive to bee venom.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Suggesting an alternative sport unnecessarily limits the child's participation; children with type 1 diabetes can safely participate in most physical activities with proper planning.
B. While children with diabetes can play sports, simply allowing participation without guidance on blood glucose management before and after activity is insufficient.
C. Encouraging only intellectual activity is unnecessary and restrictive; physical activity is important for growth, development, and diabetes management.
D. Providing an extra 15 to 30 g of carbohydrate before exercise helps prevent hypoglycemia, which is a common risk during physical activity for children with type 1 diabetes. This response is practical, evidence-based, and promotes safe participation in sports.
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