A young married couple asks the nurse at a community outreach clinic for guidance about having children because the wife was born with a cleft lip and palate, and the husband has an uncle with a cleft lip. Which action should the nurse take?

A. Re-evaluate the need for medication: While it's important to reassess the client's pain management preferences, the primary focus for an unmedicated delivery is to provide support and help the client cope with labor without the use of medications.
B. Assisting her to maintain control: The primary focus during the active phase of labor for an unmedicated delivery is helping the client maintain control over her body and manage the pain through non-pharmacological methods. This could include breathing techniques, relaxation, and positioning.
C. Assessing the strength of uterine contractions: While monitoring contractions is essential for assessing labor progress, the focus should be more on providing emotional support and ensuring the client is empowered to manage the pain without medication.
D. Remind her to push three times with each contraction: Pushing instructions are typically given in the second stage of labor, not the active phase. During the active phase, the client is usually focusing on coping with the contractions.

A. A 40-year-old African-American woman who started her menstrual period at age 14: Starting menstruation at a young age is a risk factor for breast cancer, but other factors, such as family history, tend to have a greater impact on overall risk.

B. A 35-year-old woman who had both her children before age 20: Having children early in life can actually reduce the risk of breast cancer, as it reduces the number of menstrual cycles a woman experiences, thus lowering exposure to estrogen.

C. A 50-year-old Caucasian woman who has never had a mammogram: Not having a mammogram is a concern for detecting breast cancer early, but this alone is not a higher risk of developing breast cancer. Screening is important, but it is not a primary risk factor.

D. A 32-year-old woman whose mother had breast cancer: A family history of breast cancer, especially in a first-degree relative like a mother, significantly increases the risk of developing breast cancer. This genetic risk factor makes this woman the highest-risk individual.