An older client with osteoarthritis reports increasing pain and stiffness in the right knee and asks how to reduce these symptoms. In responding to the client, the nurse recognizes what pathology as the cause of the symptoms?

Destruction of joint cartilage.

Systemic inflammatory response.

Loss of bone mineral density.

Infectious process in the synovial fluid.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale

A. Osteoarthritis is characterized by the gradual destruction of joint cartilage. Cartilage serves as a cushion between the bones in a joint, and its deterioration leads to pain, stiffness, and reduced joint function. As the cartilage wears away, bones may rub directly against each other, causing further pain and damage.

B. Osteoarthritis is primarily a degenerative condition rather than an inflammatory one. While mild inflammation can occur in OA, it is not as prominent as in autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. In OA, inflammation is secondary to cartilage damage rather than a primary driver of the disease process.

C. Loss of bone mineral density is more characteristic of osteoporosis, a condition where bones become weak and brittle. Osteoporosis involves a decrease in bone mass throughout the skeleton, whereas osteoarthritis specifically targets the joints and affects cartilage rather than bone density.

D. An infectious process in the synovial fluid could indicate septic arthritis, which is characterized by infection in the joint space. This is typically associated with acute symptoms such as severe joint pain, swelling, warmth, and fever.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale

A. Pairing the newly hired UAP with the most experienced UAP can provide mentoring and guidance. This allows the experienced UAP to share knowledge, demonstrate best practices, and help the new UAP navigate unfamiliar situations or complex care needs. It promotes skill development and ensures that care is provided effectively and safely.

B. Assigning less complex clients to the newly hired UAP initially can help ease them into their role and build confidence. It allows them to focus on learning routines, policies, and procedures without the added stress of managing highly complex care situations. However, this approach should be temporary and paired with opportunities for training and skill development.

C. Direct observation of the newly hired UAP's care delivery is crucial to assess their competency in various tasks. It provides firsthand insight into their skills, adherence to protocols, and ability to handle

client needs independently. Based on observations, appropriate feedback and additional training can be provided as needed.

D. Reviewing the UAP's skills checklist and discussing their previous experience with the hiring manager or supervisor provides essential background information. This helps in understanding the UAP's strengths, areas for improvement, and any specific training needs. It ensures that appropriate assignments and support are provided based on their skill level.

Correct Answer is []

Explanation

Potential condition: Opioid-induced constipation

Actions to take

Administer a stool softener: Opioids commonly cause constipation by slowing down bowel motility and increasing water absorption in the intestines. A stool softener can help by adding moisture to the stool, making it easier to pass.

Ask the client about their normal bowel routine: Understanding the client's typical bowel habits can provide insights into any deviations caused by the surgery or medication.

Parameters to monitor

Fluid intake: Monitoring the client's fluid intake is crucial as adequate hydration helps maintain bowel function and prevents constipation.

Serum potassium level: Constipation, especially if severe or prolonged, can lead to electrolyte imbalances such as hypokalemia (low potassium levels), which can have serious health implications.

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An older client with osteoarthritis reports increasing pain and stiffness in the right knee and asks how to reduce these symptoms. In responding to the client, the nurse recognizes what pathology as the cause of the symptoms?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A newly hired unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) is assigned to a home healthcare team along with two experienced UAPS. Which intervention should the home health nurse implement to ensure adequate care for all clients?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Patient Data Exhibits Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress,

Correct Answer is []

Explanation

Potential condition: Opioid-induced constipation

Actions to take

Parameters to monitor

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