Calculate a single Demerol dose for a 24 month old weighing 24 lbs 2oz Recommended dose is 6 mg/kg/24 hours in 6 divided doses.

Preschool fine motor development reflects maturation of small muscle coordination, hand–eye integration, bilateral hand use, and prewriting skills, enabling precise manipulation of tools such as scissors, crayons, and simple craft materials.

Rationale:

A. Rolling a ball primarily assesses gross motor coordination involving large muscle groups and balance. It does not evaluate fine motor precision, finger dexterity, or hand–eye integration required for preschool fine motor assessment.

B. Cutting pictures with scissors assesses bilateral coordination, controlled grasp, and hand–eye integration. It reflects advanced preschool fine motor skills including precision, grip strength, and controlled wrist movement appropriate for developmental evaluation.

C. Threading a needle requires highly advanced fine dexterity and visual precision, typically beyond normal preschool developmental expectations. This task is more appropriate for older school-age children due to its complexity and precision demands.

D. Drinking from a cup evaluates basic oral-motor coordination and gross hand control but does not assess fine motor precision or intricate finger movements required for developmental fine motor skill evaluation in preschoolers.

Industry vs inferiority (Erikson’s psychosocial stage for school-age children) is characterized by developing competence, achievement motivation, skill mastery, and social productivity through tasks and cooperation, especially through participation in meaningful activities and responsibilities.

Rationale:

A. Providing homework supports academic responsibility but does not directly promote active participation in care-related tasks or mastery experiences within the hospital setting. It may reinforce school functioning but does not strongly enhance industry development in a clinical environment.

B. Allowing medication timing choices gives limited autonomy, which is more aligned with autonomy development rather than industry. It does not involve skill acquisition or task completion, so it does not effectively promote competence building in Erikson’s stage.

C. Assisting with a dressing change promotes active participation, skill learning, and a sense of accomplishment. School-age children develop industry through contributing to meaningful tasks, and involvement in simple clinical care enhances confidence, mastery, and perceived competence.

D. Helping with bathing encourages independence but is primarily related to self-care skills rather than structured task mastery or achievement within a guided activity. While beneficial, it is less directly linked to industry compared to participation in clinical procedures like dressing care.