Cardiac output is determined by
stroke volume and blood pressure.
heart rate and blood pressure.
stroke volume and heart rate.
stroke volume and peripheral resistance.
The Correct Answer is C
A. stroke volume and blood pressure: Blood pressure is a result of cardiac output, not a direct component used to calculate it.
B. heart rate and blood pressure: Blood pressure is a separate hemodynamic variable and not a multiplier for output.
C. stroke volume and heart rate: Cardiac Output (CO) is defined by the formula CO = HR × SV. It is the volume of blood pumped per minute.
D. stroke volume and peripheral resistance: Peripheral resistance determines blood pressure (Resistance × Output), but it does not determine the volume of blood leaving the heart.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. a constant state maintained by living and nonliving organisms: Nonliving organisms do not maintain homeostasis.
B. a state of relative constancy: Homeostasis is not a "fixed" point but a dynamic equilibrium where variables fluctuate within a narrow, healthy range.
C. adaptation to the external environment: This is a broader biological concept; homeostasis is specifically about maintaining the internal environment.
D. changes in body temperature: This is just one example of a homeostatic variable, not the definition of the concept itself.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. repolarization: This refers to the phase where a neuron returns to its resting state after firing.
B. refraction: In biology, this refers to the period during which a nerve cannot fire again (refractory period).
C. saltatory conduction: This is the correct term for an impulse "jumping" from one Node of Ranvier to the next along a myelinated axon, which significantly increases signal speed.
D. diffusion: This is the passive movement of molecules and does not describe the electrical leaping of a nerve impulse.
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