Carper's patterns of nursing knowledge include all of the following, except:
empirical knowing.
clinical knowing.
ethical knowing.
personal knowing.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Empirical knowing is the science of nursing—knowledge that comes from research, facts, and objective evidence. It focuses on observable phenomena and can be verified scientifically.
B. Clinical knowing is not one of Carper’s four fundamental patterns of knowing. While clinical skills and judgment are essential to nursing, Carper’s framework specifically identifies empirical, ethical, personal, and aesthetic knowing.
C. Ethical knowing relates to the moral component of nursing practice—understanding what is right, what is responsible, and how to make principled decisions in complex care situations.
D. Personal knowing emphasizes the nurse’s self-awareness, therapeutic use of self, and authenticity in the nurse–patient relationship.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The nurse must not promise to keep information about hopelessness or potential suicidal thoughts secret because safety concerns override confidentiality; the nurse should explain this and immediately assess for suicidal ideation and take appropriate protective actions.
B. Promising not to tell anyone maintains secrecy and prevents the nurse from ensuring the client's safety.
C. Asking “What can we do to help you feel better?” is therapeutic but skips the necessary clarification about confidentiality and an immediate suicide risk assessment.
D. Changing the subject to “cheer you up” minimizes the client's feelings and is nontherapeutic.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]
Explanation
A. Personal growth is a key goal, helping clients build skills and confidence.
B. Improved physical health may be beneficial but is not a primary focus of psychiatric rehabilitation.
C. Recovery from mental illness—achieving optimal functioning and quality of life—is central to rehabilitation.
D. The goal is to increase, not decrease, independence.
E. Decreased hospital admissions is an important outcome of effective psychiatric rehabilitation.
F. Intermittent treatment is not a goal; continuous, coordinated care is emphasized.
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