Complete the following by using the list of options.
_______ is the use of multiple medications that can increase the risk of drug interactions and increase the risk for an adverse event.

Polypharmacy

Medical reconciliation

Drug toxicity

Adverse drug reaction

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Polypharmacy: Polypharmacy refers to the use of multiple medications by a patient, particularly common in older adults with multiple chronic conditions. It increases the risk of drug interactions, adverse effects, and medication nonadherence, making careful monitoring essential.

B. Medical reconciliation: Medication reconciliation is the process of verifying and updating a patient’s medication list during transitions of care to prevent errors. While it helps reduce risks, it is not the definition of using multiple medications.

C. Drug toxicity: Drug toxicity occurs when a medication reaches harmful levels in the body, often due to overdose or impaired metabolism. It can be a consequence of polypharmacy but is not synonymous with it.

D. Adverse drug reaction: An adverse drug reaction is an unwanted or harmful effect caused by a medication at normal doses. It may result from polypharmacy, but the term specifically describes the reaction, not the practice of taking multiple drugs.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"C"},"E":{"answers":"A"},"F":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

Serum blood work such as CBC, BMP, etc: The client shows signs of systemic infection, potential sepsis, and acute mental status changes. Labs like CBC and BMP help monitor infection severity, electrolyte imbalances, and organ function, which are critical in evaluating delirium and pneumonia progression.
Insert an indwelling urinary catheter: There is no evidence of urinary retention or inability to void. Indwelling catheters increase the risk of infection, especially in elderly clients already susceptible due to pneumonia, so it should only be used if medically necessary.
Restrain the client to prevent wandering: Physical restraints in a delirious patient can worsen agitation, increase injury risk, and contribute to further confusion. Safer, non-pharmacologic interventions like supervision and environmental modifications should be prioritized.
Diazepam 10 mg every evening at sleep time: Benzodiazepines like diazepam can worsen delirium, cause excessive sedation, increase fall risk, and are generally avoided unless the delirium is alcohol-withdrawal-related, which is not indicated here.
Neurological checks every 15 min: Frequent neuro checks help monitor for acute deterioration and are part of standard care in managing suspected delirium or possible neurologic compromise.
Collect urine for urinalysis with culture and sensitivity: Urinary tract infections are a common cause of acute delirium in older adults. Identifying or ruling out a UTI is essential in evaluating causes of sudden confusion, especially when other infection sources may coexist.

A. Speaking to the client sternly and instructing the client to open their mouth and cooperate immediately B. Quickly performing oral hygiene without explanation since the client is uncooperative C. Involving the client in the process of oral hygiene, such as using the hand-over-hand technique to brush the client's teeth D. Having another nurse aide assist in holding the client's mouth open with a tongue depressor

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Speaking to the client sternly and instructing the client to open their mouth and cooperate immediately: A stern approach often increases anxiety and resistance in dementia patients. Such communication can escalate uncooperative behavior rather than promote cooperation.

B. Quickly performing oral hygiene without explanation since the client is uncooperative: Rushing through oral care without engaging the client disregards their dignity and may increase agitation. This method can also compromise safety, as the client may resist.

C. Involving the client in the process of oral hygiene, such as using the hand-over-hand technique to brush the client’s teeth: This approach engages the client, promotes cooperation, and respects autonomy. The hand-over-hand technique allows the caregiver to guide movements while giving the client a sense of participation and control.

D. Having another nurse aide assist in holding the client’s mouth open with a tongue depressor: Forcing the mouth open with a tongue depressor can cause injury and distress. It is considered unsafe, undignified, and should not be used as a strategy for routine oral care in dementia patients

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Complete the following by using the list of options. _______ is the use of multiple medications that can increase the risk of drug interactions and increase the risk for an adverse event.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse has reviewed the Nurses' Notes and Graphic Record for day three. Exhibits For each potential provider's prescription, click to specify if the potential prescription is anticipated, nonessential, or contraindicated for the client.

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"C"},"E":{"answers":"A"},"F":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

In a long-term care facility, a nurse is having a discussion with the nurse aides about ways to deal with dementia clients who are uncooperative with mouth care. Appropriate methods to use include which of the following?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Complete the following by using the list of options.
_______ is the use of multiple medications that can increase the risk of drug interactions and increase the risk for an adverse event.