During a physical assessment of a 5-month-old child, the nurse observes the first tooth has just erupted and uses the opportunity to advise the mother to schedule a dental examination for her baby. When is the correct time for the dentist visit?

By the first birthday

By the second birthday

By entry into kindergarten

By entry into first grade

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. By the first birthday: The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry recommends that a child’s first dental visit occur by age one or within six months of the first tooth eruption. Early dental care promotes proper oral hygiene, identifies early signs of decay, and helps parents learn preventive strategies.

B. By the second birthday: Waiting until the second birthday delays opportunities for early intervention and education on oral hygiene habits. Tooth decay can develop soon after eruption, so a visit by age one is preferred.

C. By entry into kindergarten: This age is far too late for a first dental visit. By this time, early childhood caries could already have developed, requiring more extensive dental care and increasing the risk of oral health complications.

D. By entry into first grade: A dental visit at this age misses critical preventive care in early childhood. The primary teeth play an important role in chewing, speech development, and alignment of permanent teeth, which need early monitoring.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Initiate chelation therapy with deferoxamine: Deferoxamine is used to treat iron toxicity, not salicylate poisoning. It binds excess iron for renal excretion, so it has no therapeutic effect in cases of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) overdose.

B. Perform gastric lavage with activated charcoal: Activated charcoal binds salicylates in the gastrointestinal tract, preventing further absorption into the bloodstream. Gastric lavage followed by charcoal administration is effective when performed soon after ingestion, helping reduce systemic toxicity.

C. Administer N-acetylcysteine: N-acetylcysteine is the antidote for acetaminophen (paracetamol) toxicity. It replenishes hepatic glutathione and protects the liver, but it has no role in neutralizing salicylate poisoning.

D. Induce vomiting with syrup of ipecac: Inducing vomiting is no longer recommended because it can cause aspiration and delay more effective treatments like activated charcoal or gastric lavage. Controlled decontamination under medical supervision is the safer approach.

A. "Placing your child on her back when sleeping will decrease the risk of SIDS." B. "SIDS is directly correlated with the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines." C. "Sleep apnea is the main cause of SIDS." D. "SIDS rates have been rising over the last 10 years."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Placing your child on her back when sleeping will decrease the risk of SIDS.": Supine (back) sleeping significantly reduces the risk of SIDS by maintaining an open airway and preventing rebreathing of carbon dioxide. This recommendation is part of the “Back to Sleep” campaign, which has led to a major decline in SIDS cases.

B. "SIDS is directly correlated with the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines.": There is no scientific evidence linking SIDS with routine childhood immunizations. Vaccinations may offer protective benefits by reducing infections that could contribute to SIDS risk factors.

C. "Sleep apnea is the main cause of SIDS.": Although apnea may occur in some SIDS cases, it is not identified as the main cause. SIDS is a multifactorial syndrome, often associated with unsafe sleep environments and immature cardiorespiratory regulation in infants.

D. "SIDS rates have been rising over the last 10 years.": SIDS rates have actually decreased due to public health efforts promoting safe sleep practices, such as placing infants on their backs and avoiding soft bedding or co-sleeping.

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During a physical assessment of a 5-month-old child, the nurse observes the first tooth has just erupted and uses the opportunity to advise the mother to schedule a dental examination for her baby. When is the correct time for the dentist visit?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is planning care for a client who ingested a large amount of acetylsalicylic acid. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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