During a physical examination, a nurse notes crepitus in a patient's shoulder joint. What does this finding suggest?
Normal joint function
Inflammation of the synovial membrane
Presence of air in the joint space
Degeneration of joint structures
The Correct Answer is D
A. Normal joint function: Crepitus is not typically a sign of a normally functioning joint and usually indicates an underlying change in joint surfaces.
B. Inflammation of the synovial membrane: Synovial inflammation (synovitis) can cause pain and swelling but crepitus more specifically implies mechanical roughness rather than inflammation alone.
C. Presence of air in the joint space: Air in a joint (pneumarthrosis) is uncommon and would not be the usual explanation for the grinding or crackling sensation felt as crepitus.
D. Degeneration of joint structures: Crepitus often reflects irregular or roughened articular surfaces from wear or degeneration (for example osteoarthritis) producing a grating sensation during movement.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Absorbing shock:Shock absorption is mainly performed by articular cartilage and synovial fluid rather than ligaments.
B. Providing joint stability:Ligaments are strong fibrous bands that connect bones to bones, maintaining alignment and stability during movement.
C. Connecting muscles to bones:This function is carried out by tendons, not ligaments.
D. Lubricating the joint:Lubrication is provided by synovial fluid within the joint capsule, not by ligaments.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Triceps brachii: The triceps brachii primarily extends the elbow and does not play a major role in scapular stabilization.
B. Biceps brachii: The biceps brachii flexes the elbow and assists with forearm supination but is not a primary scapular stabilizer.
C. Quadriceps femoris: The quadriceps femoris is a thigh muscle group that extends the knee and is unrelated to scapular stabilization.
D. Rotator cuff muscles: The rotator cuff (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis) stabilizes the glenohumeral joint and contributes to dynamic control of the scapula and shoulder during arm movements.
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