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During bone growth, the lengthening of long bones occurs at the:

A.

Medullary cavity

B.

Epiphyseal plate

C.

Periosteum

D.

Articular cartilage

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Medullary cavity: The medullary cavity is the hollow central space within the diaphysis that contains bone marrow; it is not where bone lengthening takes place.
B. Epiphyseal plate: The epiphyseal plate (growth plate) is the area of hyaline cartilage between the diaphysis and epiphysis where new bone is produced, leading to longitudinal bone growth during development.
C. Periosteum: The periosteum is a dense connective tissue layer covering the outer surface of bones and contributes to bone thickness and repair rather than length.
D. Articular cartilage: Articular cartilage covers the ends of bones in joints to provide a smooth surface for movement but is not involved in bone growth.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Striated muscle:Striated muscle refers to muscle with a banded appearance and includes skeletal and cardiac muscle; it is not the typical involuntary muscle of hollow organs.
B. Cardiac muscle:Cardiac muscle is involuntary and striated but is specific to the heart rather than the walls of most hollow organs.
C. Smooth muscle:Smooth muscle is non-striated, involuntary, and forms the walls of hollow organs (for example blood vessels, the gastrointestinal tract, and the bladder).
D. Skeletal muscle:Skeletal muscle is striated and under voluntary control, primarily attached to bones for movement.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Ligaments:Ligaments stabilize and limit joint movement but do not primarily reduce friction.
B. Articular cartilage: Articular cartilage provides a smooth, low-friction surface and shock absorption, helping reduce friction.
C. Joint capsule: The joint capsule encloses and stabilizes the joint and contains synovial fluid but is not the main friction-reducing element.
D. Synovial fluid: Synovial fluid lubricates the joint surfaces, nourishes cartilage, and significantly reduces friction during movement.

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