During the first stage of increased intracranial pressure, the brain attempts to compensate by employing a mechanism called:

Rejuvenation

Autoregulation

Percolation

Demarcation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Rejuvenation –. This is not a physiological term used in the context of ICP or brain compensation.
B. Autoregulation –This is the brain’s ability to maintain consistent cerebral blood flow (CBF) despite changes in systemic blood pressure. In early stages of increased ICP, autoregulation helps maintain oxygen and nutrient delivery to brain tissue by adjusting cerebral vessel diameter.
C. Percolation –This term is not relevant in neurophysiology or ICP management.
D. Demarcation –This refers more to distinguishing boundaries between tissues (e.g., in gangrene), not compensatory mechanisms for ICP.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. According to the Monroe-Kellie doctrine, the skull is a closed compartment, and the total volume of brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) must remain constant. If one component increases, the others must decrease to maintain normal intracranial pressure (ICP).
B. Even small changes in volume can affect ICP and brain function if compensation mechanisms are exceeded.
C. The skull is rigid and does not expand, so any volume increase without compensation leads to increased ICP.
D. The components are interrelated and changes in one directly affect the others due to the closed nature of the intracranial space.

A. Measuring apical pulse rate for 30 seconds before administration B. Evaluating the client for nausea, vomiting, and anorexia C. instructing the client to eat foods that are low in potassium D. Withholding the medication if the heart rate is above 100 bpm

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The apical pulse should be measured for a full 1 minute, not just 30 seconds, before administering digoxin.
B. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia are early signs of digoxin toxicity, so evaluating the client for these symptoms is appropriate.
C. Clients on digoxin should consume potassium-rich foods to prevent hypokalemia, which increases the risk of digoxin toxicity.
D. Digoxin is usually withheld if the heart rate is below 60 bpm, not above 100 bpm. Tachycardia (heart rate >100) is not a reason to withhold digoxin.

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During the first stage of increased intracranial pressure, the brain attempts to compensate by employing a mechanism called:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

According to the Monroe-Kellie doctrine, which of the following statements is true regarding the three essential components of the skull (brain tissue, blood, and CSF)?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client who has heart failure. Which of the following actions is appropriate?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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