Environmental justice is:
the belief that no group of people should bear a disproportionate share of negative environmental health consequences regardless of race, culture, or income.
the belief that no group of people should bear a disproportionate share of negative environmental health consequences regardless of race alone.
the belief that hereditary factors play an important role in health consequences.
the belief that human behaviors may also interact with environmental exposures to influence health.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. The belief that no group of people should bear a disproportionate share of negative environmental health consequences regardless of race, culture, or income is correct because environmental justice focuses on ensuring that all communities are protected from disproportionate environmental hazards. It emphasizes equity in environmental policies and health outcomes.
B. The belief that no group of people should bear a disproportionate share of negative environmental health consequences regardless of race alone is incorrect because environmental justice considers multiple factors, including race, culture, socioeconomic status, and income, not just race. Limiting it to race alone is incomplete.
C. The belief that hereditary factors play an important role in health consequences is incorrect because this relates to genetics or genomics, not environmental justice. Environmental justice focuses on external environmental exposures and societal equity rather than inherited traits.
D. The belief that human behaviors may also interact with environmental exposures to influence health is incorrect because this describes gene–environment or behavior–environment interactions, not the core principle of environmental justice.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Latent TB infection is a condition in which TB germs remain in the host in a dormant state – True. In this state, the bacteria are alive but inactive, and the host’s immune system keeps them under control, preventing disease.
B. Latent TB is asymptomatic, which is why individuals may be unaware of their infection until screening or exposure testing.
C. Reactivation occurs if the immune system becomes compromised, such as during HIV infection, immunosuppressive therapy, diabetes, malnutrition, or aging. Reactivation leads to active TB disease, which is symptomatic and highly contagious if pulmonary involvement occurs.
D. People with latent TB do not shed the bacteria and therefore cannot transmit TB. Only active pulmonary TB poses a significant infection risk to otherTop of FormBottom of Form
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and is a classic example of a waterborne disease. Transmission occurs when individuals consume water or food contaminated with fecal matter containing the bacteria. Cholera primarily spreads in areas with poor sanitation, inadequate sewage systems, or contaminated drinking water. The disease can lead to profuse watery diarrhea, severe dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances, which can be fatal if untreated. Public health measures such as ensuring safe drinking water, proper sanitation, and hygiene education are essential to prevent outbreaks.
B. Malaria is a vector-borne disease, transmitted through the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito. The mosquito carries Plasmodium parasites, which enter the human bloodstream. Malaria is not spread through water consumption, although mosquito breeding often occurs in stagnant water. Preventive strategies focus on mosquito control, use of insecticide-treated nets, and prophylactic medications.
C. Influenza spreads via airborne droplets, generated when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. It can also be spread by touching surfaces contaminated with the virus. Influenza is not transmitted through water, so preventive strategies include vaccination, hand hygiene, and respiratory etiquette.
D. Chickenpox (varicella) is another airborne disease, transmitted through respiratory droplets or direct contact with lesion fluid from an infected person. It does not spread through contaminated water. Prevention relies on varicella vaccination and isolation of infected individuals.
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