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Exhibits

For each medication, choose the drug classification and medication action.

A.

Amlodipine

B.

Aspirin

C.

Lisinopril

D.

Nitroglycerin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"D"}}

  • Amlodipine: Amlodipine inhibits the influx of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle, leading to vasodilation and reduced blood pressure. It’s used primarily for hypertension and angina.
  • Aspirin: Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX), thereby reducing thromboxane A2 production and platelet aggregation. It lowers the risk of clot formation in clients with suspected myocardial infarction.
  • Lisinopril: Lisinopril blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. It lowers blood pressure and reduces afterload, which helps reduce cardiac workload in clients with hypertension or heart failure.
  • Nitroglycerin: Nitroglycerin dilates both veins and arteries, particularly the coronary arteries, reducing myocardial oxygen demand and improving oxygen delivery. It’s used to relieve angina and manage acute chest pain.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. First degree AV heart block: The rhythm is regular, P waves are present and consistent, and each P wave is followed by a QRS. The defining feature is the consistently prolonged PR interval (greater than 0.20 seconds), which indicates a delay in conduction through the AV node.

B. Junctional escape rhythm: A junctional escape rhythm originates in the AV node, typically has a slower rate (40-60 bpm), and P waves are either absent, inverted, or occur after the QRS complex. This strip has P waves preceding each QRS and a normal rate.

C. Sinus bradycardia: Sinus bradycardia has a heart rate less than 60 bpm. This strip shows a rate of approximately 75 bpm.

D. Normal sinus rhythm: While many parameters (rate, regularity, P wave presence, QRS width) might suggest a sinus rhythm, a normal sinus rhythm requires a PR interval within the normal range (0.12-0.20 seconds). This strip has a prolonged PR interval.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Creatine phosphokinase MB (CK-MB): CK-MB is a cardiac marker that rises after myocardial injury, but it is less specific and peaks later than troponin. While it can support diagnosis, it is not the most critical marker to monitor immediately following resuscitation and ST elevation.

B. Troponin: Troponin is the most sensitive and specific marker of MI. It rises within 3–6 hours of cardiac muscle damage. In a post-CPR client with ST elevation, monitoring troponin is crucial for assessing the extent of cardiac injury and guiding further treatment.

C. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH or LD): LDH is a nonspecific enzyme elevated in many conditions involving tissue breakdown. It lacks the specificity and rapid diagnostic utility needed for acute coronary syndrome assessment post-resuscitation.

D. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT or SGPT): ALT is a liver enzyme and is not relevant to immediate cardiac status or post-resuscitation myocardial injury. Monitoring it does not provide useful information for evaluating acute ST elevation or cardiac ischemia.

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