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If healthcare providers (HCPs) see a narrowed heart vessel while performing a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), they may perform a balloon angioplasty to compress the plaque against the vessel wall and hold it there with a stent, which will lessen 

and.
Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C","dropdown-group-2":"A"}

  • Pain from myocardial ischemia occurs when narrowed coronary arteries restrict blood flow to the heart muscle. PCI with balloon angioplasty and stent placement reopens the blocked artery, restoring oxygen-rich blood and thereby relieving ischemic chest pain symptoms that were previously unrelieved by rest.
  •  Dysrhythmias often develop as a result of decreased perfusion to the heart’s conduction system during ischemia. By improving blood flow through PCI, the myocardium becomes more electrically stable, reducing the risk of ventricular or atrial dysrhythmias related to oxygen deprivation and myocardial irritability.
  • Heart blocks occur when electrical conduction through the heart is delayed or interrupted, often due to damage in the conduction pathways. PCI does not reverse scarring or fibrosis of these pathways and is not a treatment for conduction system abnormalities like AV block unless directly caused by ischemia.
  • Palpitations are often caused by a range of factors including anxiety, stimulants, or electrolyte imbalances, in addition to arrhythmias. While some ischemic-related arrhythmias may improve after PCI, palpitations due to non-cardiac or unrelated causes would likely persist despite successful revascularization.
  • Shortness of breath can be due to myocardial ischemia, but also stems from pulmonary conditions or left-sided heart failure. Although PCI improves cardiac perfusion, it does not directly resolve fluid overload or pulmonary congestion, which may still contribute to dyspnea even after the intervention.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Keep nitroglycerin in a light-colored plastic bottle and readily available: Nitroglycerin should be stored in its original dark glass container to protect it from light, heat, and moisture, all of which can reduce its potency.

B. Avoid isometric exercises, but walk regularly: Isometric exercises can sharply increase blood pressure and cardiac workload, potentially triggering angina. In contrast, regular walking improves cardiovascular health without the abrupt rise in myocardial oxygen demand.

C. Walk briskly in cold weather to increase cardiac output: Cold weather causes vasoconstriction, which increases cardiac workload and can provoke angina. Brisk walking in such conditions is risky for clients with coronary artery disease and should be avoided.

D. Engage in physical exercise immediately after eating to help decrease cholesterol levels: Exercising immediately after a meal diverts blood away from digestion, which can strain the heart and trigger angina. Exercise should be scheduled at least 1–2 hours after meals to avoid postprandial angina.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Compensated respiratory acidosis with hypoxia: The pH is at the low end of normal (7.35), PaCO₂ is elevated (60 mm Hg), and HCO₃⁻ is also elevated (35 mEq/L), indicating the kidneys are compensating for chronic respiratory acidosis. The PaO₂ is low (60 mm Hg), confirming hypoxia.

B. Compensated respiratory alkalosis with normal oxygenation: Respiratory alkalosis would be indicated by a high pH and low PaCO₂, which are not present here. Also, the client is hypoxic, not normally oxygenated, as shown by the PaO₂ of 60 mm Hg.

C. Acute respiratory acidosis: In acute respiratory acidosis, the PaCO₂ would be high with a low pH and little to no elevation in HCO₃⁻. The elevated HCO₃⁻ here shows that compensation has occurred, indicating the condition is not acute.

D. Normal acid-base balance: Although the pH falls within normal limits, the PaCO₂ and HCO₃⁻ are significantly abnormal. The body has compensated for the respiratory acidosis, but the acid-base balance is not normal due to the underlying pathology and associated hypoxia.

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