If the blood pH decreases below normal, the kidney tubules secrete
fewer hydrogen ions from blood to urine.
more hydrogen ions from blood to urine.
more sodium ions into the urine.
Both A and C will occur.
The Correct Answer is B
A. fewer hydrogen ions from blood to urine: This would make the blood even more acidic, which is the opposite of what the body needs when pH is low.
B. more hydrogen ions from blood to urine: This is the correct response; when blood pH drops (becoming acidic), the kidneys excrete excess H+ ions into the urine to restore balance.
C. more sodium ions into the urine: Usually, the kidneys reabsorb sodium while excreting hydrogen to maintain electrochemical balance.
D. Both A and C will occur: This is incorrect because choice A describes a process that would worsen acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. no movement of water or glucose: At dynamic equilibrium, movement does not stop; rather, it happens at equal rates in both directions.
B. movement of glucose but not water: If the membrane is permeable to both, both will move to equalize concentrations.
C. movement of water but not glucose: If the membrane is permeable to both, both will move to equalize concentrations.
D. an even exchange of material: Particles continue to cross the membrane, but there is no net change in concentration because the rate of movement is equal in both directions.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Allows the body to avoid the use of oxygen: This describes anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen.
B. Results in the formation of an incompletely catabolized molecule: This describes fermentation or anaerobic pathways. Aerobic respiration completely breaks glucose down into CO2 and H2O.
C. Results in the formation of lactate: Lactate is a product of anaerobic metabolism (glycolysis without oxygen).
D. Produces the maximum amount of energy: By using the Krebs cycle and Electron Transport Chain, aerobic respiration yields significantly more ATP (approx. 36-38) than anaerobic processes (2 ATP).
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