When the pressure in the lung is greater than atmospheric pressure:
inspiration occurs.
expiration occurs.
lung tissue has collapsed.
the bronchioles are obstructed.
The Correct Answer is B
A. inspiration occurs: Inspiration happens when intrapulmonary pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure, drawing air in.
B. expiration occurs: According to Boyle's Law, air moves from areas of high pressure to low pressure. If the pressure inside the lungs is higher than the outside air, air is forced out.
C. lung tissue has collapsed: A collapsed lung (pneumothorax) occurs when the pressure in the pleural space equals atmospheric pressure, not necessarily when lung pressure is higher.
D. the bronchioles are obstructed: Obstruction changes resistance to airflow, but the pressure gradient itself is what defines the phase of breathing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. sodium: While some sodium leaks in, the resting membrane is significantly less permeable to sodium than to potassium.
B. potassium: The resting neuronal membrane has "leaky" channels that are specifically permeable to K + , allowing it to diffuse out down its concentration gradient.
C. proteins: Intracellular proteins are large, negatively charged molecules that cannot cross the membrane.
D. phosphate: Like proteins, phosphate ions are trapped inside the cell and cannot diffuse across the resting membrane.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. estrogen: This hormone promotes the development of the duct system in the breasts but does not trigger milk secretion.
B. oxytocin: This hormone causes the ejection (let-down) of milk by contracting cells around the alveoli; it does not stimulate the actual production/secretion of milk into the alveoli.
C. prolactin: Produced by the anterior pituitary, prolactin is the primary hormone responsible for stimulating the mammary glands to synthesize and secrete milk.
D. estrogen: This hormone promotes the development of the duct system in the breasts but does not trigger milk secretion.
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