Loretta is taking oral contraceptives and is placed on a 10-day course of an antibiotic. The nurse plans education to include:
Discontinuing the oral contraceptives while receiving the antibiotic
Calling the HP to report increased hunger or fluid retention
Using an additional method of birth control for the remainder of the menstrual cycle and the antibiotics are completed
Taking the antibiotic two (2) hours after the oral contraceptive
The Correct Answer is C
A. Discontinuing oral contraceptives during antibiotic therapy is not recommended because abrupt cessation can disrupt hormonal regulation and does not reliably reduce interaction risk. Continuing the pills maintains cycle control, even if contraceptive effectiveness may be temporarily reduced.
B. Increased hunger or fluid retention are known side effects of hormonal contraceptives related to estrogen and progesterone effects on appetite and fluid balance. These findings are not associated with antibiotic use and do not indicate a clinically significant interaction requiring provider notification.
C. Some antibiotics can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives by altering intestinal flora involved in estrogen reabsorption, leading to lower circulating hormone levels. Using a backup method such as condoms during antibiotic therapy and for the remainder of the cycle reduces the risk of unintended pregnancy.
D. Separating the timing of antibiotic and oral contraceptive doses does not prevent the interaction because the effect is related to hormone metabolism and enterohepatic circulation rather than direct absorption competition in the gastrointestinal tract.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hemoglobin A1c: Hemoglobin A1c reflects average blood glucose over the past 2–3 months and is useful for diagnosing preexisting diabetes, but it is not the standard screening test for gestational diabetes.
B. Urine glucose: Urine glucose testing is unreliable for diagnosing gestational diabetes because glucose may not appear in the urine until blood glucose levels are significantly elevated.
C. Glucose Tolerance Test: The glucose tolerance test, typically a 1-hour screening followed by a 3-hour diagnostic test if indicated, is the standard method for detecting gestational diabetes during pregnancy.
D. Random blood glucose level: Random glucose measurements provide a snapshot of glucose at a single moment and do not reliably screen for gestational diabetes, as blood sugar fluctuates throughout the day.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. 16-hour-old newborn who has not passed any meconium: It is typical for a newborn to pass meconium within the first 24 hours of life. A 16-hour-old who has not yet passed meconium is still within normal limits and does not require immediate reporting.
B. 16-hour-old newborn whose glucose level is 55 mg/dL: A glucose level of 55 mg/dL in a healthy term newborn is within the normal range (45–90 mg/dL) and does not indicate hypoglycemia that requires urgent intervention.
C. 12-day-old newborn who is breathing irregularly at 70 breaths/minute: A respiratory rate of 70 breaths per minute exceeds the normal range for a newborn (30–60 breaths/min) and may indicate respiratory distress or underlying pathology. This finding warrants immediate reporting to the healthcare provider for further assessment.
D. 2-day-old newborn who is excreting a milky discharge from both nipples: Transient neonatal breast discharge, sometimes called “witch’s milk,” is common due to maternal hormone influence and typically resolves without intervention. It is not a reportable concern.
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