Matches these concepts
Prokaryotes
Virus
Flagella
Cilia
The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"D"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"A"}}
- Prokaryotes: cells contain 70S ribosomes
- Virus: DNA or RNA subtypes
- Flagella: long, helical protein structures
- Cilia: tiny hairlike appendages
• Prokaryotes: cells contain 70S ribosomes: Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles and have 70S ribosomes, which are smaller than the 80S ribosomes found in eukaryotes. These ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis and are a distinguishing feature of prokaryotic cells, helping differentiate them from eukaryotic cells in microbiology.
• Virus: DNA or RNA subtypes: Viruses are acellular organisms that contain either DNA or RNA as their genetic material, never both. The type of nucleic acid determines their classification, replication strategy, and pathogenic mechanisms. Viruses rely on host cells for reproduction, as they lack the machinery for independent protein synthesis.
• Flagella: long, helical protein structures: Bacterial flagella are long, helical filaments made of the protein flagellin. They function in motility, allowing bacteria to move toward favorable environments or away from harmful conditions. Flagella are structurally distinct from cilia, which are shorter and more numerous.
• Cilia: tiny hairlike appendages: Cilia are short, hairlike structures on the surface of some eukaryotic cells that beat rhythmically to move fluids, mucus, or cells. They are primarily involved in movement and environmental sensing, and are much shorter and more numerous than flagella, making them easily distinguishable.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The primary function of the cell envelope is to protect the bacterial cell and maintain its structural integrity, not to store genetic material or ribosomes. The cell envelope includes the cell wall, plasma (cytoplasmic) membrane, and, in gram-negative bacteria, an outer membrane. It provides a barrier against environmental stress, helps maintain cell shape, and regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell. Genetic material (DNA) and ribosomes are located inside the cytoplasm, not in the cell envelope. Therefore, while the envelope is essential for survival and interaction with the environment, it does not serve as a storage site for genetic components or protein synthesis machinery.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Eukaryotic cells are characterized by having a true nucleus, which houses the cell’s genetic material enclosed within a nuclear membrane. In addition, they contain various membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes, each performing specialized cellular functions. This organization allows compartmentalization of metabolic processes, efficient energy production, and regulated protein synthesis. In contrast, prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, with DNA located in a nucleoid region. The presence of these features distinguishes eukaryotes from prokaryotes and is fundamental to understanding their structural and functional complexity.
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